2^6 THE SMALL FRUITS OF NEW YORK 



been no cultivated forms of the common wood strawberry besides the 

 httle varied F. petite hdtive, which ripened five to six days earUer. Most 

 of these plants are out of common cultivation and all are replaced by the 

 modern large-fruited varieties. 



Hybrids between F. vesca and F. chiloensis have been observed 

 repeatedly in gardens, in Europe as well as elsewhere. Such hybrids 

 were also collected in Ecuador at Ambato by Wilson Popenoe in January, 

 1 92 1. These hybrids are either more like F. vesca or more like F. chiloensis, 

 but in all their characters they clearly show their hybrid nature. Hybrids 

 of F. vesca with F. virginiana are also reported to occur occasionally in Euro- 

 pean gardens, and probably also such with the F. chiloensis x F. virginiana. 



Fragaria moschata. Duchesne iJwi. Nat. Frais. 145. 1766; Ascherson & Graebener 

 Syn. Mitteleurop. Fl. 6:653. 1904. 



F. vesca sativa. Linnaeus Sp. PI. 495. 1753. 



F. vesca pratensis. Linnaeus Sp. PI. 2d Ed. 709. 1762. 



F. pratensis. Duchesne in Lamarck Encycl. 2:536. 1786. 



F. elatior. Ehrhart Beiir. 7:23. 1792. 



F. magna. Thuill. F/. Paris. 2d Ed. 254. 1799. 



F. reversa. Kit. Linnaea 32:595. 1863. 



Larger than F. vesca, 15-30 cm high. Rhizome stout, stipules brown, keeled, rather 

 short. Petioles erect, narrowly channeled, up to 20 cm long and rather slender, with strong 

 spreading hairs. Leaflets about equally stalked, almost uniform in shape, rhomboid- 

 ovate, somewhat pointed, the terminal one with a broadly cuneate base, the lateral ones 

 with an oblique roundish cuneate base; soft, plicate, bright green with scattered hairs, paler 

 and hairier underneath, 3-7 cm long and 2-5 cm wide; teeth coarse, ovoid-deltoid, 9-14 

 on each side, the terminal tooth often prominent, though small, lateral leaflets with a 

 few more teeth on the outer margins. Scape mostlj- longer than the petioles, with spreading 

 hairs, usually with a foliaceous bract at the lowest forking with 5-12 flowers; pedicels with 

 spreading hairs, erect, simple or forked, almost of equal length forming a rather rich sub- 

 cymose inflorescence. Flowers dioecious, slightly fragrant, the male ones larger with 

 slender pedicels, the female ones smaller. Outer calyx-lobes narrowly lanceolate, contracted 

 at the base, long acimiinate; inner calyx-lobes longer, deltoid-lanceolate, long acuminate, 

 variable in length, sometimes exceeding the petals. Petals roundish obovate, white or 

 yellowish. Stamens about 20 in the male plants, longer than the receptacle, in the female 

 plants fewer and as long or shorter than the receptacle. Fruit with spreading or reflexed 

 calyx-lobes, roundish or roundish ovoid, often with a short neck and rather large, sweet and 

 agreeable with a slight musky flavor. 



Central Europe to England and south Sweden, Finland and probably 

 Russia; in shady woods, on hills. 



This species is easily distinguished from F. vesca by size of plant and 

 the almost umbellate flowers. There is a forma rubriflora, Heimerl Abhandl. 



