May 5, 1906 



HORTICULTURE. 



;-)87 



should never be planted when the 

 ground was dry. Plant under a depth 

 of earth equal to the thickness of the 

 seed, except in the case of sweet peas, 

 which go six inches deep. 



Mr. Veitch stated that all the vege- 

 table seed sold under such a variety 

 of nomenclature came out of the same 

 bin and the fancy names accounted for 

 the difference in price. He advised 

 buying from firms that advertise 

 largely and have a reputation to main- 

 tain, not from commission houses. 



He referred to the government free 

 distribution of seeds as petty graft and 

 told of getting lettuce from a package 

 of" government aster seed. A fortune 

 is waiting for the man who can pro- 

 duce bulbs in the United States which 

 now have to come from Holland and 

 Mr. Veitch predicted that British Col- 

 umbia was destined to become the seed 

 growing region of North America, 

 although California was now doing 

 such a large share of seed producing. 



A vote of thanks was given Mr. 

 Veitch at the end of the meeting, which 

 closed after he had answered a num- 

 ber of inquiries from the audience. 



PASADENA GARDENERS' ASSO- 

 CIATION. 



The regular meeting of this associa- 

 tion was held at the G. A. R. hall, 

 Friday, April 20. J. C. Vaughan, who 

 was present, spoke of the usefulness 

 of the flower show, school gardening, 

 flower carnivals, etc. The silver cups 

 and vases were then presented to the 

 winners of the recent spring show — 

 in all thirteen cups and five Japanese 

 vases, besides $97.50 in cash. Before 

 the close of the meeting the subject 

 of a relief fund for the San Francisco 

 sufferers was brought up and the as- 

 sociation subscribed $25; in addition 

 there was handed in from individuals 

 $28.50, making a total of $53.50. The 

 meeting closed with refreshments and 

 a few remarks from the visitors. 



SOCIETY OF AMERICAN FLOR- 

 ISTS AND ORNAMENTAL 

 HORTICULTURISTS. 



President Kasting has appointed the 

 following gentlemen to serve as state 

 vice-presidents for the year 190G: — 



Alabama — Hugh Seale, Birmingham. 



California — P. Ferrari, San Fran- 

 cisco. 



Colorado — J. A. Valentine, Denver. 



Connecticut — G. X. Amrhyn, New 

 Haven. 



District of Columbia— Geo. C. Shaf- 

 fer, Washington. 



Delaware — Chas. Simon, Jr.. Wil- 

 mington. 



Florida— C. D. Mills. Jacksonville. 



Georgia — J. E. Jackson. Gainesville. 



Illinois, S. — J. F. Ammann, Edwards- 

 ville. 



Illinois, N. — Leonard Kill, Chicago. 



Indiana — Theo. A. Dorner, Lafayette. 



Iowa— Roy F. Wilcox. Council B'uffs. 



Kansas — Chas. P. Mueller, Wichita. 



Kentucky — Fred Louis Schulz. Louis- 

 ville. 



Louisiana — P. A. Chopin. New Or- 

 leans. 



Maine — Albert Dirwanger, Portland. 



Marvland — William Weber. OakLnd. 



Massachusetts, E — W. N. Craig, 

 North Easton. 



Massachusetts, W. — H. C. Schmeiske, 

 Lenox. 



Michigan, N. — Henry W. E. Goetz. 

 Saginaw, West Side. 



Michigan, S. — J. F. Sullivan, Detroit. 



Minnesota — C. A. Clauson, Albert 

 Lea. 



Missouri, E. — Fred H. Meinhardt, 

 St. Louis. 



Missouri, W. — Samuel Murray, Kan- 

 sas City. 



Nebraska — Lewis Henderson, Omaha. 



New Hampshire — Benjamin Chase, 

 Deny. 



New Jersey — John Birnie, West Ho- 

 boken. 



New York, W — Geo. W. McClure, 

 Buffalo. 



New York, E — W. H. Siebrecht, As- 

 toria, L. I. 



North Carolina — James M. Lamb, 

 Fayetteville. 



Ohio, N. — C. J. Graham, Cleveland. 



Ohio, S. — J. A. Peterson, Westwood. 

 Cincinnati. 



Oregon — James Forbes, Portland. 



Pennsylvania, W. — Gustav Ludwig. 

 Alleghany. 



Pennsylvania, E. — Leo Niessen, 

 Philadelphia. 



Rhode Island — S. J. Reuter, Westerly. 



South Carolina — C. A. Moss, Spar- 

 tanburg. 



South Dakota — E. C. Newbury, 

 Mitchell. 



Texas — Harry Donnelly, Dallas. 



Virginia— Lloyd G. Blick, Norfolk. 



Washington — L. B. Burkett. Tacoma 

 Park. 



West Virginia — Gustav Obertneyer, 

 Parkersburg. 



Wisconsin — W. A. Kennedy, Milwau- 

 kee. 



Wisconsin— "F. C. Smith, Ashland. 



Ontario — J. H. Dunlop, Toronto. 



Manitoba — H. E. Philpott, Winnipeg. 

 WM. J. STEWART, Secretary. 



Department of Plant Registration. 



The Conard & Jones Company, 

 West Grove, Pa., submits for registra- 

 tion H. P. Rose, Charles Wagner: 

 habit vigorous: color, bright red, 

 closely approaching scarlet; flowers 

 large and double, and of excellent sub- 

 stance; fragrant, profuse bloomer; 

 the foliage is large, dark green, and 

 thick. It is entirely hardv. 



W. J. STEWART, Secretary. 



NOTES FROM THE TWIN CITIES. 



Gardening is in evidence all over 

 Minneapolis and St. Paul, and accord- 

 ing to indications our landscape art- 

 ists are out-doing themselves in im- 

 proving their work of past years. 

 Many citizens seem to be a little im- 

 patient at the delay in the parks, but 

 it is possible that this impatience is 

 augmented by the stir of preparations 

 for the National Encampment of the 

 G. A. R. which is to be held in Min- 

 neapolis next August. There are to be 

 several fine floral pieces in the parks 

 in honor of the old soldiers who are 

 coming to visit us. These pieces will 

 be emblematic of the American flag, 

 G. A. R. badges, and other reminders 

 of peace and war. Nothing is too gcod 

 for the "boys of 'G4," and we will all 

 do our best to show them that we 

 fully appreciate the work they did 

 for our glorious Homeland. 



I often hear your paper well spoken 

 of hereabouts and I trust it is making 

 satisfactory progress. I certainly ap- 

 preciate my copy greatly. — A. P. H. 



A VACUUM SYSTEM IN GREEN- 

 HOUSE HEATING. 



Read before the Detroit Florists' Chili liy 

 Frank A. Simonus. 



(Continued from Page 472.) 



The ordinary gravity return sys- 

 tem, as this medium has usually been 

 installed under, is, if put in properly, 

 a very good system as compared with 

 the other systems mentioned. Al- 

 though open to the same objection of 

 the low setting necessary of the boil- 

 er, or a trap system for returning the 

 water of condensation of the. boiler. 

 There is also the trouble of the coils 

 becoming air or water bound, to the 

 detriment of the radiating surfaces 

 and a reduced amount of heat liber- 

 ated as a result. 



The steam heat usually carried in 

 such system, being considerably above 

 the atmospheric pressure, is often 

 more than is necessary in moderate 

 weather, and one of the principal ob- 

 jections on this account is that a coil 

 must be full of steam, or entirely shut 

 off, as, if an attempt is made to only 

 partially fill the coil with steam in 

 order to moderate the heat, that coil 

 will gradually fill with water from 

 the condensation remaining in it, or 

 other water from other parts of the 

 system backing up into it, as the pres- 

 sure in that particular coil, under this 

 condition, is less than in the balance 

 of the system, and the water in it will 

 not flow against the heavier pressures 

 in the balance of the system. 



While the heat can be increased to 

 a certain point above boiling water in 

 the gravity system according to the 

 pressure carried, there is still a limit 

 to this, as if carried beyond this pres- 

 sure limit trouble is encountered in 

 returning the water to the boiler. 



It is, however, necessary to have a 

 temperature of 212 degrees at least, 

 in the heating coils under this system, 

 in order to free the system from air 

 which must be forced out against the 

 atmosphere, and necessarily must 

 have a pressure equal to it, or a little 

 above, to do so. This temperature is 

 often more than required, but cannot 

 be reduced without shutting off en- 

 tirely the heating medium. 



One very strong point in favor of 

 steam heat being that, in case of over- 

 heating, artificial heat is not needed, 

 the system will cool down in a very 

 short time after steam is shut off the 

 coils. 



From these analyses of hot water, 

 and gravity steam, as a medium for 

 this service, there are found to be 

 good and bad points in each; while 

 water can be used through a wide 

 range of temperature and is flexible 

 in this way to the ordinary demands 

 of outside temperature, it is slow to 

 respond to emergencies, whereas 

 steam will respond quickly to urgent 

 demands, but has no very wide range 

 of temperature and nothing below 212 

 degrees, and cannot be used to heat 

 less than full coils at a temperature 

 of 212 degrees, showing no flexibility 

 in that way. 



A perfect system of heating, that 

 will conform to the requirements of 

 flexibility and demand, and one that 

 will, on account of such features, se- 

 cure practically a uniform tempera- 

 ture in the space to be heated, must 

 necessarily combine the most impor- 

 tant points of these two systems and 



