49 



help realizing that with most of the older farmers, these terms 

 mean very little. You also realize that the younger farmers ap- 

 preciate what is heing done at the Experiment Stations ; and 

 many of the boys will know what the Agricultural Colleges are 

 doing, — wdiat scientific farming really means. 



Second — Farmers can use the Agricultural Colleges by sending 

 problems directly to the professor interested. The California 

 farmers are using the Agricultural Deportment of their univer- 

 sity, for all it is worth. Hundreds of soil specimens are sent in 

 to be analyzed, — so many specimens that the old methods of 

 analyzing soils had to be abandoned, and a sh.ort method is now 

 in use, by which a chemist can determine from 8 to 12 specimens a 

 day, with sufficient accuracy for all practical purposes. Pests of 

 all kinds swarm about the entomologist ; seeds that won't grow 

 and seeds that are not pure find their way to the seed specialist ; 

 and when crops fail to be produced in sufficient quantities to sat- 

 isfy the farmer, he invites the agriculturist to come and see 

 what the matter is. And the agriculturist goes. Xot simply be- 

 cause he is a servant of the state, but because he is interested in 

 whatever interests the farmer. The experts are kept alive and 

 progressive. Dr. Hilgard says that when he has a problem he 

 can't solve, he goes to the farmer. The farmer has the facts 

 which Dr. Hilgard with his trained mind can put together and 

 make science of. The farmer of today may not get relief in all 

 his problems ; but he gets enough relief to keep hope alive in the 

 children, and 'the grandchildren will reap the benefit from the 

 questions the farmers of today are asking the scientists. 



Third — The people can use the Agricultural Colleges, through 

 the Experiment Stations, through the new Indusrrial H'gh Schools 

 that are being developed, through the nature study that is grow- 

 ing in importance, and through the model farms that are coming. 

 The Agricultural Colleges will train a vast arm}- of young men 

 and women for work in the Experiment Stations, in the Industrial 

 High Schools, in nature study and for the model fanvis. 



The work of the Experiment Stations is so well known that I 

 need not say anything about them. 



The Industrial High Schools are of so recent development that 

 I venture some explanation. These schools are located in the 

 country, and in the villages and country towns. They are in re- 

 sponse to a demand from the farmers. There will be class-room 



