1 89 



From Washington, D. C, came by mail a small white historical 

 oak tree; upon inspection we found a root borer which we dug 

 out, it measured about half an inch long. No further evidence 

 of insect life was found, the tree was fumigated and passed. 



On May nth we received from Prof. Koebele then on the Mexi- 

 can border, two jars and a small box containing beneficial insects 

 for "mealy bugs" and ''horn-flies" which were turned over to Mr. 

 Kotinsky for propagation. 



Through your consent and at the request of Acting Governor 

 Atkinson and ^Mr. J. B. Castle, Mr. Kotinsky has three times 

 visited with them the Molokan settlement on tlie island of Kauai, 

 in the capacity of Russian interpreter. A portion of the 

 time when on sucii missions he also devoted to entomological 

 work. We had received information from a merchant on that 

 island that his leather and some other goods were attacked by in- 

 sects (Catoraiua nicxicana, Cher.V I requested Mr. Kotinsky 

 to call and give the owner the necessary information regarding 

 fumigation with carbon bi-sulphide, which was done. 

 Respectfully submitted, 



Alexander Craw, 

 Superintendent of Entomology and Inspector. 



STACK ENSILAGE. 



In many countries provision against inevitable drought and 

 against periods of shortage of fodder has been made by means 

 of the ensilage stack. Although good results have accrued from 

 this method it should never be resorted to where a proper silo 

 may be constructed, as the latter is in every way more satisfactory 

 and economical. In constructing an ensilage stack it is of the 

 first importance to exclude air by close packing and advantage 

 may well be taken of a disused pit or barn. The fodder to be 

 preserved should be stacked butt-end outward and care must be 

 taken to insure as great pressure as possible. To obtain this 

 heavy lumber should be placed upon the fodder at the end of 

 each day's work and only removed when the work is resumed. 

 Even distribution of weight must be obtained by laying each layer 

 evenly and by maintaining a regular contour. Upon completion 

 of the stack the lumber should be left upon the top and the whole 

 covered in such a way as to exclude rain. Small stacks are very 

 extravagant as the fodder for a foot inwards is useless for feed- 

 ing. 



A metal pipe built perpendicularly into the stack provides an 

 easy way of determining the temperature by means of a thermom- 

 eter attached to a string. 



