37-2 



taken to secure the replacement of the trees removed by logging. 

 In mose cases a new stand of koa can be secured through natural 

 reproduction. The opening up of the forest that forms a neces- 

 sary part of the logging of the mature trees insures in most cases 

 excellent conditions for koa reproduction. But as cattle are 

 particularly fond of the young koa it is essential that they be ex- 

 cluded from the tract after lumbering, at any rate, until the 

 trees grow large enough to protect themselves. As the benefits 

 arising from this provision revert wholly to the owner of the 

 land it seems to me that if the contractor is required to build the 

 fence he should receive a consideration for the work. But that 

 the fence be built I regard as an essential feature of the forest 

 rgulations. 



(3) A restriction as to the si::e of the trees cut. The idea of 

 utilization under forestry methods is to take out the mature trees 

 only, leaving the younger ones to make up subsequent crops. 

 On the Keauhou tract the minimum diameter at which koa trees 

 should be cut, w^as fixed at 24 inches, diameter breast high (4^ 

 feet above the ground). Possibly in Kona a smaller minimum 

 diameter, say down to 18 inches, might be used. This cannot be 

 fixed ofif hand, but as the present condition of the koa industry 

 hardly justifies the logging at a profit of the smaller trees there 

 should be little trouble in arriving at a diameter limit mutually 

 satisfactory to the contractor and to the forester. 



(4) Prez'oitiou of Waste. So far as possible all merchantable 

 material should be removed from the forest and turned to ac- 

 count. This includes as complete utilization of the felled tree 

 as may be and the application of approved methods and ma- 

 chinery to the various branches of the work, just how closely 

 the work can be done depends on the local conditions that govern 

 the cost of logging, but the contractor should be required to do 

 his work in a systematic and careful way. As it is as much to 

 his advantage as to that of the owner of the land to do so there 

 should be no trouble on this score. 



(5) Protection of small trees dnirino^ lumbering and removal 

 of tops. The exercise of reasonable care should be required in 

 the logging that small trees, fern and other undergrowth, be not 

 necessarily damaged and that other avoidable injury to the forest 



