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the maintenance and upkeep of the stations in the several 

 States and Territories. 



In 1890 another act of Congress was passed authorizing 

 the application of a portion of the proceeds of the public lands 

 for the more complete endowment and support of the col- 

 leges of agriculture and mechanic arts established under the 

 provisions of the IMorill Act. By this last act $15,000 was 

 made available for each college, this appropriation to be in- 

 creased annually by addition of $1000 until the total amount 

 reached the sum of $25,000. Now the Nelson Act provides an 

 increase in the amount of the appropriation to each State of 

 $5000 a year for 5 years at the end of which time the appro- 

 priation will be $50,000 annually. 



The next act which particularly affects our own people was 

 passed by the Legislature of the Territory of Hawaii during 

 its last season. The purposes of the college of Hawaii are to 

 give thorough instruction in agriculture, mechanic arts and 

 the natural sciences connected therewith and such instruction 

 in other branches of advanced learning as the Board of Re- 

 gents shall from time to time prescribe, and to give such mili- 

 tary instruction as the Federal Government may require. The 

 standard of instruction in each course shall be equal to that 

 given and required by similar colleges on the mainland, and 

 upon the successful completion of the prescribed course the 

 pjoard of Regents are authorized to confer a corresponding 

 degree upon all students who shall become entitled thereto. 



It was quite natural that there should be a diversity of 

 opinion concerning the purpose of the colleges authorized by 

 the Morill Act, sometimes referred to as the Land Grant 

 Colleges. It was the opinion of some that they were designed 

 a? ^lanual Training Schools, in other words, to attempt to 

 make farmers of the students without respect to scientific ac- 

 quirements. The purpose for which the colleges were insti- 

 tuted as intended by the original introducer of the bill, Senator 

 Morill, may be best explained in his own construction of the 

 act. 



His idea was to give an opportunity for those engaged In 

 industrial pursuits to obtain some knowledge of the practical 

 sciences related to agriculture and mechanic arts such as they 

 could not then obtain at most of our institutions called classi- 

 cal colleges. It never was intended to force the boys of 

 farmers so to study that they should all come out farmers. 

 Not manual but intellectual instruction was the paramount 

 object. It was not intended that agricultural labor in the 

 field should be practically taught any more than a mechanical 

 trade of a carpenter or blacksmith should be taught. It was 

 a liberal education that was proposed. Classical studies were 

 not to be excluded and therefore must be included. The 

 act of 1862 proposed a system of broad education by colleges 



