240 



wise, however, the animal had given typical reaction to the offi- 

 cial (ophthalmic) mallein test, and so had about a dozen other 

 mounts from the troop, even though none of them showed any 

 clinical symptoms of glanders or farcy. 



In order to test the effectivenesss of the mallein which had 

 been used consent was obtained to submit the affected, as well as 

 the reacting animals, to an intradermal injection with Bureau of 

 Animal Industry mallein, which had been brought along. This 

 was done, but when visited the next day, none of the injected 

 animals had reacted. It was further learned that the affected 

 animal had been subject to similar attacks for at least three 

 years. The diagnosis of true (glanders) farcy was therefore 

 excluded, while that of epizootic lymphangitis was highly improb- 

 able. There remained that of ulcerative lymphangitis (Preis 

 Nocard) or perhaps an atypical form of the common strepto- 

 coccic cellulitis. 



While there was ample grounds upon which the animal could 

 have been destroyed, having for instance given typical reaction 

 to the official mallein test, it was suggested that the horse be sent 

 to our quarantine station for observation and experimental treat- 

 ment. During the two weeks required for this transfer another 

 horse developed similar symptoms and was destroyed. On post 

 mortem examination, I am informed, no symptoms of glanders 

 were found. 



The fact that these various forms of lymphangitis have come 

 to play a very important role among the horse stock on the vari- 

 ous war fronts, and as we have but recently had a severe out- 

 break of similar nature among the plantation animals in the 

 Hamakua district, there is every reason to avail ourselves of any 

 opportunity to study the nature, cause, prevention and treatment 

 of these obstinate and very frequently fatal diseases. While it is 

 probable that the animal now at the quarantine station could be 

 treated with local applications effecting an apparent cure, it is 

 equally certain that only constitutional treatment could result in 

 a permanent cure, and to this end experiments are now under 

 way. 



During the month Doctor Fitzgerald cabled for a supply of 

 mallein and reported that he had diagnosed glanders in a horse 

 in the ]\Iakawao district. As the horse was old and of little 

 value, it was destroyed and post mortem examination seemed to 

 bear out the clinical diagnosis. Upon receipt of the mallein sent 

 him he tested all horse stock which had been in contact with the 

 case for the past six months but failed to find a single reactor. 

 He came to the conclusion that some other disease than glanders, 

 possibly epizootic lymphangitis, had been the cause. There has 

 been no glanders in that district for seven years, but the doctor 

 points out that the case was only one mile removed from the six 

 cases of blackleg above referred to. 



