417 



History of Botanical Exploration in Hawaii 



{Continued.) 



PERIOD II. THE EARLY PERIOD. 



7. Beginning of the Sandalwood Trade. 



1791. October. 



The beginning of the sandalwood trade marked the opening 

 of a new epoch in Hawaiian history, and had a distinct influence 

 upon the movement of shipping and of visitors from abroad, to- 

 ward the islands. Captain Kendrick, in the sloop "Lady Wash- 

 ington'' left three sailors — Coleman, Williams and Rowbottom — 

 on the Island of Niihau. They were instructed to collect quanti- 

 ties of sandalwood and pearls, and to have them in readiness 

 upon Kendrick'is return from New England. Eor a period of 

 many years following this small beginning, the sandalwood tree 

 was the motif in the outside world's relations with Hawaii ; just 

 as at a subsequent period the whale was dominant ; and during 

 the present epoch, the sugar cane. 



8. The Coming of Marin. 

 1791. 



This year was signalized by the quiet arrival of a Spaniard, 

 Don Francisco de Paula Marin, from Andalusia. He remained 

 in Hawaii until his death in 1837, and exerted a marked influence 

 upon the local horticulture and agriculture. He was a practical 

 gardener of no small degree of skill and enthusiasm, and intro- 

 duced, cultivated, and distributed many useful plants. He was 

 known to the Hawaiians as "Manini," and his gardens in Pauoa 

 Valley, near Honolulu, were famous for their fruits, flowers, and 

 vegetables. To this day a number of varieties of fig, grape, pine- 

 apple, citrus fruits, etc., are called ''Manini'' by the Hawaiian 

 natives. 



9. The Three Visits of Vancouver. 



The next event of note from the botanical standpoint was the 

 coming of the sagacious and kindly English seaman, Vancouver. 

 His repeated visits made possible a series of explorations of 

 greater thoroughness and scientific value than any which pre- 

 ceded them. It has been truly stated that "The three visits of 

 Vancouver form an era in the history of these islands, and his 

 name is justly cherished as that of a wise and generous bene- 

 factor to the Hawaiian people. 



"Captain George Vancouver was sent by the British Govern- 



