undesirable encumbrance of the soil and the attitude of the 

 settler was of necessity unfriendly to the forest and the need for 

 farm and pasture led to forest destruction. Next, restrictions are 

 made in forest use and protection against stock and fire and, 

 in the case of the supply forest, conservative lumbering- takes 

 place. This is followed by some positive efforts to secure re- 

 growth by fostering natural regeneration or by artificial planting 

 and the practice of silviculture, or the art of producing and 

 tending a forest, begins. Finally, a management of the forest 

 for continuity — organizing existing forest areas for sustained 

 yield or for the permanent beneficial influences which they exert 

 — forest economy, is introduced. 



Forestry is an art born of necessity as opposed to arts of con- 

 venience or of pleasure. Every step of the way toward wise forest 

 use. the world over, has been made at the sharp spur of want, 

 sufi:'ering, or loss. As a result, the science of forestry is one of 

 the most practical and most directly useful of all the sciences. 

 It is a serious work, undertaken as a measure of relief, and 

 continued as a safeguard against future calamity. 



Value of Hawaiian Forests. 



The native Hawaiian forests may be looked upon chiefly as 

 protection forests, exerting many beneficial influences, and which 

 also supply a product, the most evident outcome of such forests, 

 in the form of water. These forests benefit not only the immedi- 

 ate lands but distant areas as well by supplying water for irri- 

 gation and, to a small extent, by furnishing electric power for 

 pumping water. 



On the windward districts of the several islands, where the 

 rainfall amounts to 3 and 4 hundred inches a year, the true func- 

 tion of these protection forests is manifested by the prevention of 

 aestructive floods and excessive erosion and by lengthening the 

 time during which the precipitation may be employed, particularly 

 by furnishing a more constant supply of flume water and water 

 for. domestic use in camps and settlements. 



On the leeward side of the islands, which often offers a very 

 fertile soil but which as a rule is so decidedly arid that cultivation 

 of crops is possible only by means of irrigation, these forests 

 again show their value by furnishing water — the agricultural life- 

 blood of the land — which makes not only the growing of crops 

 but human habitation in such regions possible. 



This second consideration is more readily appreciated by 

 reference to the production figures for last year's crop of sugar 

 in these islands. Of the total of 573,858 tons of sugar pro- 

 duced in the 1918' crop, on an aggregate area of 119,747 acres, 

 over 70% of the tonnage was secured from the irrigated plant- 

 ations, which covered 65,164 acres. Moreover, the yield per acre 

 on such plantations was more than twice as much as the yield 

 per acre on the unirrigated plantations. 



