223 



kernel of the nut has an oil content of 65 per cent, which, as a 

 drying oil for paint, is said to be equal to linseed oil. The na- 

 tives were wont to dry the kernels and stringing them together 

 on the midrib of the coconut leaflet used them for torches or 

 candles. The expressed oil was also burned in stone lamps and 

 was used medicinally as a purgative. The roasted kernel is also 

 pounded and mixed wath salt and either Chili pepper or seaweed 

 and forms a brown paste which is very appetizing and much 

 relished by the natives. 



In the earlier days, kukui nut oil was exported in quantity 

 from Honolulu with some profit, but more recently several at- 

 tempts to revive the industry have not met with success, probably 

 on account of the difficulty of securing a sufficient and fairly 

 cheap supply of the nuts. The young trees begin to bear at from 

 3 to 5 years from planting and produce an annual crop. The 

 fallen nuts will often remain on the ground for 2 years before 

 becoming rancid. 



The tree is singularly free from serious insect pests and plant 

 diseases although the wood which is light, soft, and whitish, rots 

 very readily and is not at all durable in the ground. In the 

 Philippines the wood, which has a straight grain and rather 

 coarse texture, is used for w^ooden shoes and matches. The Ha- 

 waiians often used the large straight trunks for dugout canoes 

 but these seldom gave more than 2 or 3 years of service. From 

 the bark of the roots the Hawaiian also derived a dye which was 

 used in coloring canoes black. 



The kukui grows readily from the nut which is often w^ashed 

 down the hillsides in large quantities by freshets and sprouts 

 along the water courses. In fact, the most satisfactory manner 

 of establishing the tree is to plant the nut rather than to use 

 transplants. , Planting experiments conducted near Honolulu in 

 which the latter have been used have given very poor results for 

 the handling of the young seedling in the nursery seems to 

 stunt it and prevent rapid growth. 



The Dressed Carcass Contests Held at the 

 Second Territorial Fair. 



By Dr. Leonard N. Case, 



Assist ant Territorial J^'etcriiiariaii. 



The position occupied by dressed carcass contests in the de- 

 velopment of the live stock industry of any country and their 

 educational value to the breeder of meat-producing animals was 



