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THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY 



[^Auguat, 



bane Lilies ; other " Lilies," called Cape Const, 

 Corfu, Cuban, Day, Fire, Flax, Lycoris, (Juernsey, 

 Ixia, Jacobean, Knight's Star, Lent, Mexican, 

 Persian, Pond, Prairie, Kock, Rookwood, St. Bru- 

 no's Scarborough, Superb, Swamp, Trumpet, 

 Whitsun, to say nothing of Water Lilies, Lilies 

 of the Valley, and Lily of the Valley Tree, and 

 perhaps more. Now not one of these has any 

 claim whatever to be called a Lily ; moreover, 

 we do not think any one of them is likely to be 

 wild on a gravel path." 



[It so hapi)ens that we can help our friend 

 though three thousand miles away from the home 

 of the inquiry. The " Lily " in the gravel path 

 is the Convolvulus arvensis, or field Bindweed. 

 We know of a " Hampshire Boy " who never 

 heard this plant by any other name, — and of peo- 

 ple who were badly bothered with them in gravel 

 walks, and they are getting troublesome here 

 too. Acids will destroy them. — Ed. G. M.] 



A Prosperous Illinois Nursery. — Spalding 

 <fc Co., of Springfield, commenced the business 

 there in 1858 on 24 acres, which location was 

 given up in 1861 for railroad purposes, when 

 they rented three other tracts amounting to 62 

 acres, on which they carried on their business 

 until 1866, when they purchased their present 

 site of 80 acres near Eiverton, six miles east of 

 Springfield. The soil was from timber land, a 

 strong, clayey loam, subsoil reddish clay. They 

 at once commenced underdraining with tile, and 

 now the whole is thoroughly underdrained every 

 30 feet with two, three, and four inch tile, laid 

 3 to 42 feet deep. In 1874 they added ninety 

 acres of land adjoining, and have nearly all 

 well filled with stock. 



History of the Golden Pippin Apple. — says 

 an English writer : — The Golden Pippin, although 

 of the greatest antiquity, has very little early his- 

 tory. It is not the golden Pippin of John Park- 

 inson, because he speaks of it as a large variety. 

 Evelyn, in his Pomona, states that Lord Claren- 

 don had in his time at his estate in Berkshire an 

 orchard of a thousand Golden and other cider 

 Pippins, but no allusion is made to it as a dessert 

 Apple. 



Origin of Some Old Apple Names. — The 

 Rev. C. H. Bulwer, an English clergyman, says: 

 " The etymology of the Joannetting or Jui. eat- 

 ing Apple is so singular and decides the names 

 of so many other Apples and Pears, that I shall 

 not apologize for selecting it. It is one of the 

 oldest and earliest bearing Apples, hence the 



mistake about its name being Juncating, in allu- 

 sion to its maturity at the end of June or July. 

 Dr. Hogg traces it« name to Joannetting, be- 

 cause its Apples ripened about St. John's day ; 

 and fur a similar reason, the next apple I men- 

 tion, the Margaret Apple, derives its name from 

 St. Margaret's day, the 20th of July, when this 

 Apple would be in season. The Costard is one 

 of the oldest of our English Apples. This variety 

 is actually mentioned by name in a fruiterer's 

 bill in Edward I.'s reign in 1292, as previously 

 alluded to; and although now almost extinct, 

 still used to be so common that retailers of it 

 (even the very price mentioned at 1^. per 100) 

 were called costard mongers, a name in popular 

 use no\V in the word costermonger. Some ety- 

 mologists, including the great Dr. Johnson, con- 

 sider the name Costard to be derived from cost, 

 a head, but how it is hard to say, or rather to see. 

 Dr. Hogg traces the name to costatus, anglice 

 costate or ribbed, on account of the prominent 

 ribs on its sides. The Quoining or Queening 

 Apple is an old Apple, of which we have many 

 varieties in Herefordshire (notably the Cowarne 

 Quoining, a most valuable Apple) which were 

 excellently and numerously shown at our pomo- 

 logical exhibition. The name Quoining may be 

 traced bj' the angularity of the shape of the 

 Apple, similarly as in the Costard, from the word 

 quoin or coin, the corner-stone of a building. The 

 Catshead is another very old Apple still grown 

 amongst us, but chiefly I have noticed in cot- 

 tagers' gardens, where it is gradually giving way 

 to the Hawthornden and Lord Suffield especi- 

 ally in Hertfordshire. Phillips sings its praises 

 thus — " The Catshead's weighty orb, enormous 

 in its growth." The Old or Winter Pearmain 

 lyust by no means be omitted. It is the very 

 oldest historic variety we have. In Bloom- 

 field's history of Norfolk, as quoted by Hogg, 

 there is curious mention made of a tenure in that 

 county by petty sergeantry and the payment of 

 two hundred Pearmains and four hogsheads of 

 ciderof Permains into the Excliequeratthe Feast 

 of St. Michael. The origin of the name is equally 

 curious. In early histoi'ical works of the same 

 period Charlemange is written Charlemaine, the 

 last syllable as Pearmaine; and as Charlemange 

 was derived from Carolus magnus, so Permaine 

 is derived from Pyrus magnus, the Great Pear 

 Apple, in allusion to its pyriform shape. 



The Tree of the Blessed Virgin near 

 Cairo. — There is an old Sycamore tree at the 



