374 



left and quickly back agiain to the right, in order to detennine 

 any chronic disease of spine or nervous system. 



The next thing- will be to have the horse saddled or harnessed 

 or put to drawing- heavy loads, depending upon the character of 

 the horse and the business for which he is intended. Examine 

 under these conditions for action and lameness. 



The next in order is to examine carefully for wind, by gallo])ing 

 or driving hard u]) liill or by putting the animal to drawing a 

 heavy load. In case of a young, unbroken horse, have him lunged 

 by hand. 



Examine for whistling, roaring or broken wind. Before doing 

 this it is as well to cause the animal to cough and make a pretense 

 of striking the animal with a stick, in order to bring out the char- 

 acteristic grunt of roaring or the wheeze of broken wind. 



After the examination of the wind, have the horse put liack in 

 the stable and remain perfectly quiet for fifteen to thirty minutes. 

 if the patience of the owner will allow you that time. At anv 

 rate, allow the animal to get perfectly cool, and let it be brought 

 out again and trotted up and down both with the rider and with- 

 out. Together with other evidence, this will generally settle the 

 question of the presence or not of navicular disease, and it will 

 also bring out latent lameness in some cases of obscure bone 

 spavin. It will, at the same time, test the permanency or not of 

 cures of slight sprains. Take note of the general health and con- 

 dition of the animal, and how it has stood the work given during 

 the examination. If severe distress is noticed, coupled with an 

 apparent high state of healthy conditions, look out for evidence 

 of drugging, especially with strong alteratives, such as arsenic, 

 very commonly used by unscrupulous dealers to produce an arti- 

 ficial appearance of good condition. After severe exercise, the 

 evidence of arsenic will appear in a vivid red, and sometimes a 

 blue, line along the gums, and also at times by severe diarrhoea, 

 and abnormal thirst. The use of digitalis, in order to hide the 

 incipient sym])toms of broken wind will be. detected both before 

 and after exertion by an intermittent pulse. The use of cocaine, 

 opium or morphine can be detected during the examination by 

 the abnormal varying of the size of the pupW of the eye, and also 

 occasionally by the breath after galloping. 



The determinations as to whether any imperfection constitutes 

 unsoundness must be governed by the pur])oses for which the ani- 

 mal is intended to be used. 



TOBACCO CULTIl'ATIOX IX J. WW. 



In the course of a paper on the cultivation of cigar tobacco, 

 the Imperial Iiistitulc lUillctin has some interesting remarks with 

 regard to soil and method of cultivation. 



Xot a little of the success of the Java industry i> ^\\\v to ihe 

 pcculiat" character of the soil. The upper layers are chietly maile 



