60 



fermentation, noticeable by the smell of ammonia. This is due 

 to organisms which require air. Packing the manure pile with 

 a dip to the center and keeping it soaked with water, keeps out 

 the air and reduces fermentation. Fresh manure may be spread 

 at once on moderately level fields. There is little loss by fer- 

 mentation, and the plant food leaches into the ground. ( From 

 Bulletin Xo. 221, of the University of Wisconsin.) 



CEYLON GOOSEBERRY 



{From the Tropical Agriculturist.) 



The tree to which the writer gave the name "Ceylon Goose- 

 berry" some years ago, first in a Departmental Circular on trop- 

 ical fruits, deserves the attention of fruit growers in the tropics, 

 for few fruits in a wild state appear to offer more promise of 

 improvement by systematic selection and high cultivation. It 

 is a small shrubby tree with ovate, alternate leaves belonging to 

 the family Bivaccac and known to botanists as Abcria Gardncri, 

 being named after ^Mr. Gardner, who was superintendent of 

 Peradeni\a from 18-14 to 1849. To the natives the tree is known 

 as "Ket-embilla" and an interesting fact in connection with it is 

 that it is endemic in Ceylon, that is having its native habitat 

 confined to this country. The round and slightly velvety ber- 

 ries are somewhat of the size, form and consistency of goose- 

 berries, being purplish in color when ripe. They have a pleasant 

 sub-acid taste and make excellent jam or preserves. The tree 

 thrives best at medium elevations and likes rich humous soil and 

 good drainage. It is readily propagated from seed which, being 

 small, should be sown in pots under cover, using fine sandy soil. 

 The fruit is in season usually in September. 



H. .X. ^L\C^rTLLAN. 



DIVISIOX OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 



Honolulu. I'cbruary 28. l')13. 



Hon. W. M. Giffard, President and F.xecutive Officer, P.oard 

 of Agriculture and lM)restry. 

 Sir : — I beg to report on the work of the Division of Animal 

 Industry for the two months ending February 28, 1913, as fol- 

 lows : 



Cattle Diseases at Piipuh-ea. Oaliu. 



For the past six or eight months Mr. I'". S. Lyman at Pupu- 

 kea, r)ahu. has been losing cattle, mostly milch cows or young 

 animals, a total of fifteen or twenty ha\ing dicil during the 



