143 



for a short time after rains will be made more steady and depend- 

 able. It is not contended that even with a dense forest cover on 

 the slopes — of trees, shrubs and undergrowth — would the flow of 

 these springs be permanent, but it is my belief that were the native 

 forest restored, the regularity and duration of their flow would 

 be sufficiently improved to justify the gathering of water, at any 

 rate for a part of the year, through a pipe system from different 

 sources, mto centrally located tanks or reservoirs where the water 

 would be available for^use in connection with the lower lands. 

 The first move in such a program is to get the forest back; the 

 initial step is to set the area apart as a forest reserve. The pur- 

 pose of this report is to recommend such action. The area is 1010 

 acres. 



Nanakuli is a government land on which a grazing lease, held 

 by the Dowsett Company for a considerable term of years, ex- 

 pired last February. The lower lands of Nanakuli are now 

 (August, 1911) being again offered for lease. One of the con- 

 ditions of the new lease is that a fence shall be built and main- 

 tained on specified portions of the forest line, whereby the forest 

 will be protected. The remainder of the forest line, along the 

 lower boundaries, follows natural barriers where fencing is un- 

 necessary. The upper boundary of the proposed reserve is the 

 crest of the main Waianae ridge. 



One point about the boundary on its lower side perhaps deserves 

 special mention, the inclusion in the forest reserve of the small 

 lateral valley on the right or east side of Nanakuli Valley. There 

 is now no water in this valley, but while obviously it is of much 

 less moment than the section nearer the head of the valley, it 

 seems to me that it should be included in the reserve. I en- 

 deavored to have the fencing provision in the Nanakuli lease in- 

 clude this lateral valley as well as the area further mauka. This 

 was not done. Consequently, while included in the reserve this 

 side valley will not be fenced off. The upper slopes are, how- 

 ever, fairly steep so that to some extent they protect themselves. 



At present the forest in Nanakuli, apart from Algaroba on the 

 lower lands and scattering groups of Kukui along some of the 

 stream beds, is limited to groups of native trees well up on the 

 slopes where they have been more or less out of the reach of cat- 

 tle. With the construction of the fence on the forest line depre- 

 dations by grazing will be stopped and much young growth, both 

 of trees and undergrowth, ought soon to be in evidence. The 

 ultimate object is to get back on the slopes as dense a cover of 

 native forest as possible — in other words, to restore the jungle. 



As well as from grazing the forest in Nanakuli has been sub- 

 jected to injury by goats. Systematic shooting by I\Ir. H. M. 

 von Holt above his outing house, "Pa Lehua," has helped to keep 

 the goats away from the ridges at the head of Nanakuli, but a 

 considerable band is said still to infest the crag on the west side 

 of the valley known as Haleakala. One difficulty in arranging 



