246 THE CHERRIES OF NEW YORK 



Duchesse d'Angouleme is supposed to have come from the vicinity of Viemia, Austria, 

 although som.e writers give France as its place of origin. It is often confused with other 

 sorts. Tree large, vigorous, upright, slightly spreading, productive; fruit medium to 

 above in size, roimdish-oblate ; stem rather long and thick, set in a large, deep cavity ; skin 

 firm, bright red; flesh yellowish white, tender, juicy, sprightly, agreeably aromatic at 

 extreme maturity; quality fair to good; stone nearly round, slightly compressed; ripens 

 from the middle to the end of June. 

 Duchesse de Palluau. P. avium X P. cerasus. i. Mag. Hort. 19:407 fig. 28. 1853, 



2. Leroy Diet. Pom. 5:261, 262 fig. 1877. 3. Rev. Hort. 236, 237, PL 1901. 

 ' Herzogin von Paluau. 4. ///. Handb. 169 fig., 170. i860. 



Precoce Lemercier mcor. 5. Mortillet Le CemzVr 2: 142-146, fig. 1866. 



Duchesse de PaUuau was raised about 1840 by M. Pierre Bretonneau near Tours, 

 Indre-et-Loire, France. In 1844 he gave dons of this variety, under the name Duchesse 

 de Palluau, to Leroy who propagated and probably disseminated the sort. Tree large, 

 productive; fruit medium to large, heart-shaped, compressed; stem long, slender; skin 

 thin, dark purple becoming almost black; flesh tinged with red, juicy, brisk subacid 

 becoming sweet; good in quality; stone nearly free, oblong-ovate, small; ripens in early 

 mid-season. 

 Duke of Edinburgh. P. avium, i. Agr. Gaz. N. S. Wales 19:998. 1908. 



Tree stunted, upright; fruit too small and soft for market; similar to Belle d'Orleans; 

 ripens in November in Australia. 

 Dumas. Species? 1. Vlas Pom. Gen. 11: ido. 1882. 



Mentioned in the reference given. 

 Dunkelrothe Knorpelkirsche. P. avium, i. Truchsess-Heim Kirschensort. 680-682. 

 1819. 



Bigarreau a Longue Queue . 2. MortiUet Le Cerisier 2:121, 122 fig., 123, 219. 1866. 



Bigarreau Rouge Fonce. 3. Ibid. 2:302. 1866. 



Bigarreau Violet. 4. Leroy Diet. Potn. 5:249 fig. 1877. 



This variety probably originated with Van Mons in Belgium about 1790. It was 

 received by Truchsess a little later as a French sort under the name Bigarreau Violet. 

 Fruit large, elongated-cordate, sides compressed; suttu"e very distinct dividing the fruit 

 into halves; stem very long, more deeply inserted in unripe fruits; skin firm but not tough, 

 yellowish, overspread with dark red, verging to violet; flesh yellowish, firm, juicy; quality 

 excellent; stone free, small, roundish-oval; apex acutely pointed; ripens the middle of June. 

 Duraccia. P. avium, i. L^ S. D. A. Rpt. 292. 1893. 2. Am. Pom. Soe. Rpt. 175. 

 1895. 



E. E. Goodrich, Santa Clara, California, received cions of this variety from Lucca, 

 Italy, tliinking it to be the famous " Pistojese " used extensively in Italy for brandying. 

 Fruit above medium in size, cordate; stem long, slender, set in a large, deep, regular cavity; 

 suture deep, extending beyond the apex; skin thin, tough, smooth, glossy, finely pitted, 

 dark purple to almost black; flesh red with lighter veinings, firm, meaty, rich, sweet; quality 

 very good; pit of medium size, plimip, partially adherent; season at Santa Clara the last 

 of July to August; ships well; has not been reported from the eastern states. 



