THE CHANCELLOR PEAR, 



you find; after a year's growth, soap-suds thrown occasionally on the foot of the 

 tree in winter or early sprinp:, will destroy all those insects which have gathered 

 beneath the mulch, or around the trees where insects generally creep for protec- 

 tion, even if not mulched. 



Although stone-fruit trees, plums, peaches, apricots, &c., might be planted suc- 

 cessfully in the fall, I find it better to i)lant these as early in spring as the soil will 

 allow, Iloles made for them before winter will afford dry earth enough on their 

 edge (in one heap, for the soil must never be scattered around, and sods separated 

 from loose soil) to allow of early planting. The hole being frozen is better 

 than it was in the fall, and the sods, with which the hole (as said before) is at 

 least half filled, will be all reduced; harmless to the roots because all fermenta- 

 tion is gone, and affording a good supply of food through the summer. If you 

 have no convenient soil nor time, get pure sand and plant your tree in it, just 

 enough to surround the roots; the spongioles will find more easily their way 

 through that light porous medium, and get all their proper food in the richer soil 

 in due time; for peach-trees, especially, I always succeeded best in loamy soils, by 

 planting the tree injive or six spadesfid of yellow or fine ordinary gravel. They 

 start without stopping to look out for a proper supply, which cannot readily be 

 found in clay soils, and they never show gum and disease as peach-trees so often 

 do the first year when planted in too rich or clayey soils. As a general rule, in 

 rich soils, the more sand you bring around the peach or plum-tree the better it is. 



These remarks, Mr. Editor, have taken more room than I expected at first. If 

 you want my opinion, and those of the best authors, combined, in regard to 

 pruning properly, for an established tree, I shall try to compress those remarks in 

 a narrower space. 



[The above is sensible and to the point ; the author has had much experience, 

 and his observations, at home and abroad, evince a clear understanding of his 

 subject. We shall be pleased to receive his remarks on pruning at his earliest 

 convenience Ed.] 



KEIM APPLE,* 



Size, below medium, 2 inches long by 2| broad; form, roundish, inclining to 

 conical; skin, fair, pale yellow, waxen; stem, long, slender, 1 inch long by y'j 

 thick, inserted in a wide, moderately deep cavity; calyx, small, closed, set in a 

 shallow, plaited basin; cone, medium; seed, brown, slender, J of an inch long, j\ 

 broad, ^ thick ; fiesh, white, tender ; flavor, mild, pleasant; quality, ''yqvj good(" 

 maturity, January to March, 



* See Frontispiece, 



