sometimes no small difficulty in getting a good start, with this crop, in close soils. The 

 principal sowings of parsnip, long beet, and orange carrot, if not already down, should 

 receive early attention. 



Towards the end of the month, sow a few seeds of Walcheren cauliflower, to come in foj 

 fall and early winter use. 



Flat Dutch cabbage, and curled Savoy seed, should also be sown at once for winter crops. 



Celery should be sown for main crops ; choose enriched, friable soil, and mulch lightly 

 with manure, and water occasionally in dry weather. 



Young asparagus plantations should be mulched between the rows, and an occasional 

 watering with salted water will be beneficial ; two ounces of salt to a gallon of water will 

 form a sufficiently strong solution. 



Sweet corn, summer squash, and vegetable marrows, may be planted at intervals of two or 

 three weeks, if a constant supply of tender vegetables is anticipated. 



Peas, tomatoes, Sfc., may be hastened to maturity by pinching out the points of the plants, 

 checking growth will induce a tendency to early fruiting. 



In transplanting, always puddle the roots in a mortar of soil and water, unless the weather 

 is dull ancl showery. 



Sweet potatoes may he raised to tolerable perfection, even in strong, loamy soil, by throwing 

 the ground into small mounds twelve or fourteen inches high, and inserting the plants on the 

 extreme top of the mound. Plants may be obtained in quantity by placing a few roots in a 

 hotbed, and cut out the young shoots when three or four inches grown ; three such plants 

 should be planted in a triangle on each hill. 



Hardy Fruit. — In connection with the writing of these calendars, we have had various 

 inquiries in regard to the proper extent of enriching soil for fruit-trees. Trees that were 

 originally planted in rich compost, and have annually been liberally treated with manure, are, 

 after nine years, still growing vigorously, but showing little or no disposition to fruit. This 

 result is quite in accordance with experience. Trees have their periods of youth, maturity, 

 and old age. When young, and growing with vigor, or, if this vigor is upheld with high 

 culture, the wood-producing force is alone excited ; and if, in addition to this, they are 

 annually curtailed of the strong shoots by pruning, in winter, it further increases the pre- 

 ponderance of the roots over the branches. There are various expedients practically resorted 

 to with the view of checking wood growth. Grafting on a slow growing stock, which will 

 naturally afford a less supply of sap than the graft would otherwise take up ; digging round 

 the roots, and cutting through the strongest of them ; ringing, or cutting out a small piece 

 of bark round the stem ; tying the branches to a horizontal, or even a pendent position, are 

 means which have long ago been practised to attain this object. The true method of deriving 

 benefit from manuring fruit trees was not, then, as it is but imperfectly, even now, under- 

 stood. That is, by judicious and skilful sununer pruning. Equalizing the sap, and prevent- 

 ing the development of luxurious shoots, must receive attention during growth. The most 

 vigorous growing shoot will be effectually checked by simply breaking out the point. It is 

 perfectly possible to train trees in any desired shape, and keep them in a healthy and con- 

 stantly productive state, without the use of a knife, or any instrument sharper than the 

 finger and thumb. This subject will come under consideration again. 



Strawberries. — Hoe between the rows, and cover with a mulching, either of straw, tan 

 bark, or short grass ; anything that will keep the fruit clean ; a thorough watering will be of 

 great use after the first flowers are set to fruit. 



Gooseberries. — Mildew may be prevented, by watering with soapsuds, over the branches. 

 A radical cure for this pest may be formed by mixing a peck of lime, aud a pound of sulphur, 

 in 10 gallons of water ; let it stand and settle. A pint, in 4 gallons of water, syringed over 

 the bushes when the fruit is forming, will keep them clean ; cover the ground with manure, 

 and spread a small quantity of salt over it, to keep as much moisture as possible about the 

 roots. 



Figs should be uncovered ; this fruit is much neglected ; planted in rather poor, well 

 drained soil, laid down and covered during winter, they are usually very productive. 



Grapes. — Rub ott' all superfluous shoots as soon as the strongest can be ascertained. In 

 consequence of the extreme severity of the winter, much of the young wood is killed. 

 Young vines, that ripened their wood imperfectly last season, are most likely to sufl'er in 

 this way. Such shoots require to be cut back to a sound and healthy part. Even though 

 only injured slightly, they require cutting down, as such unhealthy shoots spread disease 

 over tbe whole plant. 



APEKY. — -In well-drained borders (and all vine borders should be well drained), thorough 

 ations of rain water should be given at intervals of ten or twelve days, if the weather 



