EDITOU'S TABLE. 



The following figures show the leading methods of training wall and espalier trees, with 



tlio names by which they are designated, 

 reference. 



We insert them together, in this form, for 



.^' 





o. The herring-bone fan. 6. The irregular fan. c. The stellate fan. d. The drooping fan. e. The wavy fan. 

 /. The horizontal, ff. The horizontal, with screw-stem. h. The horizontal, with double stem. i. The vertical, 

 with screw shoots, k. The vertical, with upright shoots. 



Besides these, espaliers are trained horizontally, or in form of a table, the stem rising 

 through the centre of the trellis, and the branches being trained in a radiating form. Some- 

 times the espalier is placed vertically, sometimes placed at one or other angle of elevation, 

 either accordiug to the latitude of the place, or the whim of the owner. All pruning and 

 training must be considered subordinate to a proper selection of stock, and to operations 

 on the roots. The true balancing of the power of the roots to that of the branches is most 

 important. 



In pruning, the following practical rules should be attended to. Commence on hardy 

 trees soon after the gathering of the fruit and the fall of the leaves. Avoid frosty weather, 

 or when it is approaching. In cutting, always draw the knife in an upward direction, and 

 leave the wound smooth, to prevent the lodgement of water. In removing young wood, leave 

 about an inch of the branch above the last bud ; make the cut on the side opposite to it. 

 But, in removing an old branch, cut it as close to the stem or branch left as possible, in 

 order that the bark of the latter may cover the wound sooner. Use a sharp knife, a due 

 share of consideration, and be not in too great a hurry, lest you remove the branch which 

 ought to have been left. Cover the wound with a solution of shellac in alcohol, which you 

 should have always at hand. For more particular directions in regard to the various kinds 

 of vines and fruit-trees, refer to the several valuable American fruit books, such as Barry's, 

 Elliot's, and Thomas's. 



Budding Roses. — In roses, as in many other things, climate has a great influenc,e in modi- 

 fying our operations. For instance, budding can seldom be perfonned successfully with us 

 till July, and, in many seasons, may be continued till October. The condition of the stock 

 is a better rule to go by than any given period of time. Budding ought not to be done when 

 the sap is too watery, which may be known by the bark being very thin and delicate, on 

 being raised with the budding-knife. It should be quite hard and firm, at the same time 

 separating readily and easily from the wood. The condition of the scions is also of import- 



