jnittinp; onch plant down to the crown, so as to secure a better hold in the soil 

 and prevent the winds from tearinp^ them ont wlien they hecoine larf^e. Many 

 persons practise earthing up the stems, but our owli experience speaks to the 

 avoiding tins ; for, if the summer should happen to be moist and warm, they are 

 very subject to rot from extreme succulence in the stalk. This need not i>revent 

 the stirring of the soil, and a thorough loosening with the hoe or s]>ade will always 

 prove very benelicial during active growth. Tliis stock will begin to head about 

 the first week in C)ctol)er, and continue on in succession until the frosts are ex- 

 pected to set in severely, when the remainder of the plants may be carefully lifted 

 and buried up to the collar in soil in a cellar, a grapery, or, where there is no 

 such* convenience, they may be put in a trench in the garden, and covered over 

 with leaves and boards so as to keep out the frost. In any of these positions, 

 they will continue to head until February, and may be cut as wanted. 



For Early Spring and General Summer Crop. — The seed may be sowed the 

 last week in September, in the same way as above stated. In all latitudes where 

 the frost is severe, these plants will require some winter protection. When they 

 have grown three or four leaves, they may be i)lanted four inches apart, in a box 

 frame, and covered with glass sashes or shutters. The former is much the best; 

 but will need to be covered with straw mats or other such material during extreme 

 cold ; the outsidcs, also, ought to be banked up with earth or litter, to keep out 

 the frost. Give air at all favorable o])portunitics, remove the covers entirely in 

 mild weather, but shut up and cover when there is frost. Never give water to 

 these young plants during winter, but endeavor to keep dry and cool ; this will 

 prevent them from decaying in the "shank," a disease that is very common when 

 there is an excess of moisture. If at any time they become thoroughly frozen, 

 let them thaw in the dark, and afterwards let in air and light in abundance when- 

 ever the temperature is above 32°, and never leave the glasses shut when the sun 

 shines on them. ]\[any persons do not succeed in wintering young cauliflower 

 plants, and principally from the neglect of the precautions here laid down. When 

 the fall sowing has not been attended to, a slight hotbed may be made in January 

 as follows : Mark out on the ground, one foot larger on each side than the size of 

 the frame, excavate one foot deep, build up evenly and somewhat solid, to the 

 height of three feet, with hot stable manure in the earlier stage of decomposition, 

 upon this place the frame and glasses immediately, and, when the heat has begun 

 to subside a little, cover over with five inches of friable loam, and in this sow the 

 seeds. Be careful to tilt up the sashes behind whenever the temperature inside 

 rises over 50°. This will allow the steam to escape, and secure a wholesome 

 atmosphere. AVhen the seed-leaves are above ground, admit air more or less as 

 opportunity occurs, but maintain sufficient heat to keej) up a healthful progress, 

 and increase the opening as growth expands. The object now is to get short and 

 stocky plants, which never can be obtained without a free admission of air and 

 light. The frost must, however, be guarded against, for in this state they will 

 not bear it, nor yet until they have been gradually hardened off. They should, 

 also, be taken up when the first rough leaf is formed, and pricked out into the 

 same bed, three inches apart, for the purpose of increasing the small fibrous roots 

 and assisting the above desideratum. This last-described })rocess is only a " make- 

 shift," and ought never to be resorted to when winter-kept plants can be got, as 

 these latter are always more hardy, and generally bring the finest heads. 



7h obtain a first early crop for the kitchen, it is necessary to make up a similar 

 hotbed to the one above specified, about the middle of February, of any size, 

 according to the quantity required or convenience of glasses at hand. In thi 

 case, there should be nine inches to one foot of rich mould introduced, plant 



