straifjht and right-angled lines ; at each of the intersections, drive down an iron 

 bar two feet deep ; into the hole thus made, sink a twelve foot pole ; afterwards 

 dig aronnd each, raise a small hill two inches high, and level the surface ; lay 

 down six or eight beans, with the radicle or eye side downwards, and cover one 

 inch. If poles are not to be obtained conveniently, the seeds may be sown six 

 inches apart, in rows six feet asunder, and the vines trained up strings. These, 

 however, will require support, and it is only a makeshift job without economy. 

 When the plants show the first rough leaves, thin out to four of the best, loosen 

 the surrounding soil, and draw a portion up to the stems. At the first start, the 

 wind sometimes prevents the young vines attaching themselves to the poles ; when 

 so, they should be twined round, always in the opposite direction to the sun's 

 course. Where there is the convenience of a grapery, greenhouse, or hotbed, a 

 quantity may be sown in pots, or boxes, the first week in March ; and, when live 

 or six inches high, they may be gradually hardened off in a cold frame, to be 

 afterwards planted out in the open ground when danger of frost is over. In cold 

 or wet situations, this is of advantage ; and, occasionally, under any circumstances 

 with a favorable spring time ; but, as a few days only, at the best, can be gained, 

 it is scarcely worth the time and trouble which have to be bestowed. 



The sorts recorded above will effectually answer all kitchen purposes, and they 

 undoubtedly possess the finest quality, but as many persons are fond of variety, 

 the following may be noticed : — 



Red and White Cranberry. — These are easily cultivated, and may be kept 

 for winter use. 



Dutch Case Knife may be used young in the pod, or allowed to ripen for 

 winter. 



Scarlet and White Kunners are only serviceable as a string bean. They 

 may be sowed earlier than other running beans, and are subject to "burn" out 

 during hot and dry summers. 



Carolina is like the Lima, but smaller, and as the latter is better in quality, 

 this has no property to recommend it but its greater hardiness. 



Asparagus or Yard Long — of fine flavor when the pod is gathered quite 

 young, as a string bean. 



All these last mentioned, excepting the Carolina, may be sowed six inches apart, 

 in rows six feet asunder, and staked in the same way as tall peas ; or, the seeds 

 may be planted at the base of each hill of the earliest crop of sweet corn, in 

 which case, if the cobs, after being ready, and the leaves also be stripped off, the 

 stalks will become supports to the beans, without any expense, and will continue 

 to keep the ground occupied for the remainder of the season. Here is another 

 idea in economical cropping. 



English or Broad Bean. — This is a very different subject from those we have 

 already treated on. It is the Vicia Faha of botanists, and grows three to four 

 feet high, having a short stem, and very sweet-scented, black and white, showy, 

 pea-shaped flowers. Our climate is too hot and dry for its constitution ; conse- 

 quently, it only succeeds as a first and early crop, excepting in very cool situations. 

 When it is obtained, the flavor is so strong that nothing but a piece of fat pork, 

 boiled in the same vessel along with it, will render it at all palatable. It is, 

 notwithstanding, a wholesome farinaceous vegetable, and a small variety is 

 extensively given as food to horses, while other kinds are used as a kitchen edible 

 in Northern Europe. The Windsor and Long Pod are two of the best for the 

 latter purpose. The seeds should be sowed as soon as the ground is in working 

 after the frost breaks up, six inches apart, in rows three feet asunder. When 

 ants are four inches high, hoe the soil up to the stems, and when in full 



