THE PEARS OF NEW YORK 221 



the fruit that he had trees propagated by Augustine and Company, Normal, 

 Illinois, and disseminated under his name. 



Tree large, vigorous, upright becoming quite spreading, open-topped, hardy, pro- 

 ductive; tnink stocky, shaggj'; branches thick, smooth, dull reddish-brown, almost entirely 

 covered with gray scarf-skin, sprinkled with numerous large, raised lenticels; branchlets 

 slender, curved, long, with long intemodes, dull reddish-brown, overspread with thin gray 

 scarf-skin which is mingled with green, dull, smooth, glabrous, with conspicuous, raised 

 lenticels. 



Leaf -buds small, pointed, appressed, somewhat flattened. Leaves 3 in. long, if in. 

 wide, thin, velvety; apex taper-pointed; margin glandless, finely serrate; petiole 2 in. long, 

 slender, tinged red, glabrous. Flower-buds small, short, conical, free, singly on very short 

 spurs; flowers late, 15 in. across, in dense clusters, average 8 buds in a cluster; pedicels | 

 in. long, thick, pubescent. 



Fruit ripe in late September and October; medium or below in size, 2j in. long, 2f 

 in. wide, roundish-oblate, slightly conical toward the apex; stem g in. long, slender; ca\'ity 

 acute, deep, narrow, smooth, sometimes lipped; calj^x large, open; lobes separated at the 

 base, long, acute; basin very shallow, narrow, obtuse, occasionally wrinkled; skin thin, 

 tough, smooth, dull; color light green, without blush; dots very small, russet or greenish, 

 very obscure ; flesh greenish-white, firm, crisp, rather dry, subacid ; quality medium to poor. 

 Core large, closed, axile, with meeting core-lines; calyx -tube wide, conical; carpels ovate; 

 seeds variable in size, wide, flat, obtuse. 



SUMMER DOYENNf 



I. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat. 40. 1883. 2. Hogg Fruit Man. 651. 1884. 3. Ont. Dept. Agr. Fr. Ont. 180, 

 fig. 1914. 



DoyennS d'^te. 4. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 336. 1845. $. Card. Chron. 508, fig. 1847. 6. Mag. 

 Hort. 13:66, fig. 8. 1847. 7. Hovey Fr. Am. 1:59, PI. 1851. 8. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 53. 1852. 9. 

 Horticulturist N. S. 3: 4<)i, 6g. 1853. 10. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 742, fig. 1869. 



Sommerdechantsbirne. 11. Dochnahl Fiiltr. Obstkunde 2:20. 1856. 



Doyenne de Juillet. 12. Leroy jDici. Pom. 2:77, fig. 1869. 13. Guide Prat. $7, 266. 1876. 



Juli Dechantsbirtie. 14. Mathieu Norn. Pom. 239. 1889. 15. Gaucher Pom. Prak. Obst. No. 51, 

 PI. 108. 1894. 



The extremely early and highly flavored fruits, which are borne in 

 prodigious quantities, make this a very desirable pear for the home garden. 

 The fruits have no value for the markets, as they are small, do not keep 

 well, and are unattractive. The tree, while never large, is of medium 

 size, comes in bearing early, is hardy, and is as free as most of its orchard 

 associates from blight. Both fruit and foliage suffer badly from pear-scab, 

 and no amount of spraying can give the fruits a fair cheek in seasons when 

 this fungus is epidemic. 



Van Mons is supposed to have originated this variety about 1800 as 

 Diel mentioned it among his best pears in 1812. Summer Doyenne was 



