330 THE PEARS OF NEW YORK 



Castelline. i. Pom. France 4:1 $1, PI. i^i. 1867. 2. Leroy Did. Pom. 1:532, fig. 1867. 

 3. Guide Prat. 49. 1895. 



A Belgian variety obtained in 1835 by Florimond Castelain near Toumai, Bel. Fruit 

 medium, turbinate-pyriform, yellowish-green, much covered with russet and speckled with 

 fawn-russet, colored with dull red on the side of the sun; flesh yellowish, semi-fine, melting; 

 juice sugary, acidulous and agreeably perfumed; first; Nov. 



Catherine Gardette. i. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 715. 1869. 2. ThomciS Am. Fruit Cult. 

 697. 1897. 



From W. D. Brinckle, Philadelphia, in 1857. Fruit medium, globular-obovate, 

 yellow, freely dotted with red spots on the sim-exposed side; flesh yellowish, coarse, buttery, 

 sweet; good; Sept. 



Catherine Lambre. i. Leroy Did. Pom. 1:534, fig. 1867. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 

 716. 1869. 



One of the last seedlings raised by Van Mons in his nursery at Louvain. Fruit large, 

 oblong-obtuse-pyriform, greenish-yellow, covered with russet dots on the shaded side and 

 blushed with tender rose on the sunny side; flesh whitish, semi-fine, juicy, melting, sweet, 

 seldom gritty, having an exquisite savor recalling the perfume of the rose; very good; Oct. 

 and Nov. 

 Catherine Royal, i. Langley Pomona 131, PI. LXII, fig. 5. 1729. 



King Catherine. 2. Parkinson Par. Ter. 592. 1629. 



Catherine Royal is mentioned by Langley as one of " the best kinds of Pears in Eng- 

 land," and is without doubt the King Catherine Pear described earlier by Parkinson. 

 Fruit mediimi in size, obovate-obtuse-pyriform ; July and Aug. 



Catillac. i. Duhamel Trait. Arb. Fr. 2:233, PI- LVIII, fig. 4. 1768. 2. Leroy Diet. 

 Pom. 1:53s, fig. 1867. 3. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 716. 1869. 4. Bunyard 

 Handb. Hardy Fr. 162. 1920. 



Grand Monarque. 5. Knoop FrMrto/ogz'e 1:125, 136, fig. 1771. 



This old French baking pear with over sixty synoyms is supposed to have been found 

 near Cadillac in the Gironde. Bonnefond in 1665 in the Jardinier Frangois first 

 described it imder this name. The great size of the Catillac has often caused it to be con- 

 fused with the Pound pear, and the latter's name has been applied as a synonym for the 

 Catillac, but the two are distinct. Tree stout, vigorous, spreading, productive; leaf large, 

 round, downy, serrate. Fruit very large, broadly turbinate, dull green to yellow, with 

 brownish-red blush; stem stout, an inch long, in a small cavity; calyx open, in a moder- 

 ately deep, ribbed basin; flesh hard, rough; one of the best of stewing pears, cooking a 

 deep red; Nov. to Mar. 

 Catinka. i. Leroy Did. Po»n. 1:537, fig. 1867. 2. Hogg Fraii Ma»i. 545. 1884. 



Raised by Major Esperen from seed at Mechlin, Bel., about 1845. Fruit medium, 

 obovate, lemon-yellow, thickly covered with large cinnamon-colored freckles and tracings 

 of russet; flesh yellowish- white, juicy, sugary, with a rich, full flavor perfiomed with rose; 

 good; late autumn. 

 Cavaignac. i. DochnahlFw/ir. O&si^MMd^ 2:96. 1856. 



Raised by Van Mons, 1852. Fruit medium; skin rough, green changing to yellowish- 

 green, blushed with red on the sun-exposed side; devoid of scent and flavor; Sept. 



