FOREIGN AND MISCELLANEOUS NOTICES. 



It seems to be merely the choosing of one class 

 of pleasures rather than another. The Haus- 

 frau prefers b(;ing without an expensive car- 

 pet for the sake of having many tasteful ob- 

 jects around her, or that she may have more 

 means for social company. The gentleman 

 goes on the fore-deck of the steamboat, so that 

 he may have more money for the next concert, 

 or may be able to fill his library better. 



There is very much in Hamburg which has 

 interested me, beside the people. I had no idea 

 from travels how much there was in it quaint 

 and striking. The quiet old streets, like those 

 of the Dutch cities, with canals and shade-trees, 

 and fantastic gables on the houses, and rather 

 anomalous statuary in the niches of the walls 

 in the "old city," contrasting so strangely with 

 the bustling, grand new streets. For you know 

 about eight years ago a good part of Hamburg 

 was burnt down, and this has all been built up 

 in really a most splendid manner. I have seen 

 no city in Europe whose business-streets make 

 so fine an impression at first sight. Stone is 

 very scarce here, so that nearly all the houses 

 are built of brick, with a hard cement or stucco 

 over. Either the climate is more favorable, or 

 it is a much better cement than with us, but 

 certainly the stuccoed houses look far better 

 than in our cities. And it has afforded an op- 

 portunity for something which is extremelyneed- 

 ed in our country, tliat is, giving to each house 

 its own peculiar ornament. One becomes so 

 heartily tired of those long rows of monotonous 

 houses, exactly corresponding to each other, 

 without an attempt at variety or character. 

 Here I have i)assed through streets of high, 

 handsome houses, where they had all the ad- 

 vantage which ours have — and undoubtedly it 

 is an advantage — of a succession of similar lines 

 on the front, one above the other ; but, besides, 

 peculiar independent ornaments to each build- 

 ing, every house had a character. Every man 

 could show his own peculiar taste on the front 

 of his home. And this cement gives a beauti- 

 ful opportunity for all kinds of graceful mold- 

 ing and ornament, and even for small statuary. 

 The Hamburgers have certainly improved it 

 well. Mr. Sindley, a prominent English engi- 

 neer here, has been " the genius" of all these 

 improvements. I have had the pleasure of 

 meeting him frequently, and the account of all 

 his eflbrts, his attempts to stop the progress of 

 " the great fire" by the general blowing up of 

 buildings; his struggles with the lower classes, 

 who at first believed him almost a demoniac 

 man, plotting the destruction of the city; his 

 gigantic plans for rebuilding, and his endea- 

 vors to inspire the Germans with something of 

 the English practical spirit, would altogether 

 form an interesting history in itself. — C. S. 

 in the Independent. 



Analysis of the Apple. — A critical and 

 elaborate analysis of the apple has recently 

 been made by Dr. Salisbury, of Albany, the 

 results of which are of deep interest to farmers, 



as throwing light upon the composition of this 

 most important of all fruits. Much attenti<m 

 has within a few years been directed to the 

 subject of feeding apples to stock, and a though 

 many well authenticated instances are given, 

 where this fruit has proved exceedingly valua- 

 ble, especially for fattening hogs, yet many are 

 incredulous as to its possessing suflficient nutri- 

 tive properties to render it a profitable crop to 

 cultivate expressly for that purpose. The facts 

 elicited by Dr. Salisbury, go to show that 

 while apples contain about 3 per cent, more of 

 water than the potato, yet "in the aggregate 

 amount of fat -producing products, they do not 

 materially ditfer." 



Six varieties were submitted for analysis: the 

 Talman Sweeting, Swaar, Kilham Hill, Rox- 

 bury Russet, English Russet, and R. Island 

 Greening. Of the five last named, the mean 

 of the analyses of the ash is as follows : 



With Csrboiiic Wilhout Car- 

 acid, bonic acid. 



Carbonic acid 15 .210 



Silica 1.362 1.6.37 



Pliosphate of iron 1 . 386 1 .593 



Phosporic acid 11 .2-52 13.207 



Lime 3.442 4.199 



Magnesia 1.400 1.009 



Potash 31.810 37.010 



Soda 20.810 24.799 



Chlorine 1.822 2.169 



Sulphuric acid 6.062 7.229 



Organic matter thrown down 

 by nitrate of silver 4 .890 5.828 



99.. 396 100.000 



" The percentage of ash in the apple is small 

 yet rich in phosphoric and sulphuric acids, pot- 

 ash, and soda. 1000 lbs. of fresh apple contain 

 about 827 lbs. of water, 170.4 lbs. of organic 

 matter, destroyed by heat, and 2.6 lbs. of in- 

 organic matter, or ash. 1000 lbs. dry api)le 

 contain between 17 and 18 lbs. of ash — 100 lbs. 

 of apple ashes contain, when deprived of car- 

 bonic acid, about 13 lbs. of phosphoric acid, 7 

 lbs. of sulphuric acid, 38 lbs. of potash, and 

 2.5 lbs. of soda: these four bodies forming about 

 83 per cent, of the whole ash." 



The mean of the proximate organic analyses 

 of the six varieties is as follows: 



ICIOO parts of 1000 parts of 



fresh apple. dry apple. 



Cellular fibre 32.00 190.879 



Glutinous matter, with a little 



fat and wax 1.94 11.463 



Dextrine 31.44 186.805 



Sugar and extract 63 . 25 497 . 627 



Malic acid 3.17 19.585 



Albumen 13.79 83.720 



Casein 1.64 9.921 



Dry matter 167.26 1000.000 



Water 826.64 



Loss 6.10 



1000.00 1000.000 



" The ripe apple is rich in sugar and a body 

 analogous to gum, called dextrine, which has 

 the same composition as starch, but differs from 

 it in being soluble in cold water, and not 

 blue with iodine. Dextrine and gum should 

 not be confounded with each other 



