105 



which it is working to form a chamber for pupation. At this 

 time it becomes less active, its form changes, the body becoming 

 shorter and thicker; finally it molts again and appears as a pupa. 

 Although the pupa is not entirely immobile, the pupal condition 

 is considered a resting stage, during which the transformation 

 from grub to beetle occurs. The pupa is illustrated in PI. I., fig. 3. 

 It is 7 mms. long, white, elytra pads often flaring. 



Head almost entirely ventrad, the apical margin of the thorax nearly 

 attaining the front margin of the head, apex of the beak reaching slightly 

 beyond the posterior margin. Antennae geniculate, the apex reaching 

 the posterior margin of thorax. Six abdominal segments are exposed on 

 the ventral side, nine on the dorsal. There is a pair of large setose 

 tubercles on the front medially and a pair of small ones laterally on the 

 head, one pair and four single setose tubercles in a row on either side of 

 the beak. The prothorax has a row of three on either side of the median 

 line, two laterad of a point midway between the first and second from 

 anterior margin, a row of three near the lateral margin and opposite the 

 posterior of the median series, and one about midway between^ close to 

 the posterior margin. The mesothorax has a pair on either side of the 

 median line. Each of the abdominal segments to the eighth has a trans- 

 verse row of setose tubercles near the posterior margin ; the eighth has a 

 large one on either side of median line with a pair of small ones inside 

 and several small ones outside; the ninth has a pair of small ones on 

 either side of median line and is terminated by a large pair. The spiracle 

 on the mesothorax is directly laterad of base of wing covers; there is also 

 one at the base of the rudimentary wings, and one on either side of the 

 abdominal segments anterior to and a little below the most laterally 

 situated of the dorsal setae. The wing covers extend as far as the legs, 

 are pointed apically and have a number of longitudinal grooves. They 

 lie between the second and third thoracic legs on either side. At the 

 femorotibial articulation on each of the legs there is also a pair of setae. 



The pupal stage occupies about nine or ten days (see Table 

 III.). The adult is three or four days obtaining its usual color 

 and hardness. It then gnaws a circular exit hole (e) through 

 the outer wall of the pupal chamber and emerges (PI. I., fig. 6a). 



The adult : The adult is illustrated in PI. I., fig. 4, 4a, 4b, and 

 is described as follows : 



S. oblongo-parallelus, niger, sparse setulosus; capitis f rente bitubercu- 

 lata, inter tubercula breviter lineatim sulcata; rostro prothorace paulo 

 breviore, dimidio basali grosse lineatim punctate; antennis fulvo-ferru- 

 gineis, funiculi articulo basali breviusculo, secundo duplo longiore, cae- 

 teris transversis et ad apicem gradatim crassioribus; prothorace latitudine 

 longitudini aequali, supra rugoso, in medio tuberculis duobus pafvis in- 

 structo; elytris prothorace vix duplo longioribus, pone basin supra subito 

 elevatis, irregulariter tuberculatis^ et grosse impresso-punctatis; corpore 

 infra nigro, segmentis duobus basalibus abdominis grosse punctatis; tarsis 

 fulvo-ferrugineis. Long. 2 lin. 



Syagrius oblong-parallel, black, sparsely setulose, with the front bituber- 

 culate, between the tubercles shortly lineate sulcate; rostrum a little shorter 

 than the prothorax, basal half coarsely lineate punctate; antennae fulvo- 

 ferrugineous, basal segment of the funicle rather short, second twice as 

 long, the others transverse and gradually thickened towards the apex, pro- 

 thorax with the length and breadth equal, rugose above, provided with two 

 small tubercles in the middle; elytra scarcely twice as long as the pro- 

 thorax, behind the base suddenly elevated upward, irregularly tuberculate 

 and coarsely impresso-punctate ; body beneath black, with the two basal seg- 

 ments of the abdomen coarsely punctate; tarsi fulvo-ferrugineous. Length 

 2 lines. 



