152 



where necessary. Most of the south boundary is naturally pro- 

 tected by a series of cliffs which are impassable to stock but one 

 stretch across the flat-topped ridge 350 feet in length, and another 

 on the east boundary on the ridge from the, impassable cliffs to 

 the Waimanalo pali 1200 feet in length should be fenced. The 

 use of American fencing No. 958 with wire stays 12 inches apart 

 and netting 58 inches high stretched on redwood posts set 15 feet 

 apart and properly braced is advised. Such a fence is durable 

 and is guaranteed to be much more stockproof than the ordinary 

 live wires with wooden spreaders. The total cost of these two 

 stretches of fence aggregating 1550 feet is estimated at $439.40. 



Forest Planting 



For the present, planting on the east side of the reserve is not 

 advised because of adverse conditions due to shallow soil and 

 wind exposure. A large part of this will probably be self-sown 

 with native plants after it is given adequate protection. 



The reforestation of the nine acres of the denuded area, at the 

 west side of the reserve, however, is advised not only so as to act 

 as a protection to the remaining forest but also to conserve the 

 source of water for it is believed that with stock kept out and this 

 area covered again with forest, there will be much more water 

 available for use. 



This area, in need of planting, lies between the elevations of 

 1300 and 1500 feet and is situated on the lower slopes of the larg- 

 est valley in the reserve. For the windbreak just above the pro- 

 posed fence the swamp mahogany is advised for quick results. 

 For general planting the following trees are suggested, aulu, 

 olopua, lama, and waiawi guava on the drier portions at the lower 

 end and through the main portions of the area. Scattered among 

 these a few Moreton Bay fig and Cook pine trees could be used 

 to advantage to give the forest height and added protection. The 

 Burma bamboo could well be planted where it is necessary to 

 hold the soil and cuttings of ti plant inserted in the soil to start 

 an undergrowth. It is believed that orange trees and Queenland 

 nuts would grow very well here. It would at least be an inter- 

 esting experiment and not costly to plant a few along with the 

 other trees. 



In general, the trees should be set 8 by 8 feet apart and with 

 this spacing 6,120 trees wall be required. The ground should be 

 cleared of brush and the holes dug far in advance of planting. 

 Transplants in tins should be used and be ready on the ground 

 for immediate planting as soon as the regular rains have made soil 

 conditions the most favorable for successful tree planting. It is 

 estimated that the total cost of reforesting the most necessary 

 portion will amount to $979.20. 



Conclusion^ 

 ■ This report is followed by a detailed estimate of the cost of 



