279 



only temporary and tliat as soon as the tvees hep;in to thrust roots deeper 

 into the toxic soil they will die in tlieir turn just as the trees before 

 them have died. 



One day was spent riding over the Kula Reserve. The extreme upper 

 portion of this reserve is quite barren, the intermediate altitudes have 

 a considerable cover of mamani trees interspersed with kauau and 

 other shrubs, w^hich the lower levels, especially in the region of PoU- 

 jioli s])ring, are rich grass lands. Owing to the prolonged drought on 

 Maui, ^[r. Harold Rice had been obliged during the past summer to turn 

 several hundred head of cattle into that portion of the intermeiliate 

 zone of the reserve which he owns in fee simple (Kaonoulu and Alae — 

 1-2). Here the mamani showed the effects of browsing but the dam- 

 age is neither severe nor lasting. On the whole the mamani seems to 

 be increasing and spreading in Kula. 



A trip was made to Ulupalakua Ranch where the old eucalyptus and 

 cypress plantation on the surrorndi'ng hills were examined. 



In company with ^Ir. Penhallow, the nursery and extensive plant- 

 ings of tire Wailuku Plantation were visited. 



A request of the Pioneer Mill Company for tree planting advice was 

 answered by a visit in company with Ranger Lindsay to Mr. Lyman, 

 overseer at Puu'kolii. It was decided to have Ranger Lindsay examine 

 the lands to be planted, determine the species to be used and then 

 assist Lyman in establishing a nursery near the planting site. Seedlings 

 will be started at Haiku nursery, but transplanting and all further work 

 will be carried on by the plantation with Lindsay's advice. The Pioneer 

 Company is anxious to do as much planting as possible on the slopes 

 above their cane fields. 



At the request of Mr. Angus MacPheC;, a trip was made to Kahoolawe. 

 Considering the drought which has prevailed for about two years, the 

 vegetation on this desolate island is doing remarkably well. The alga- 

 roba is spreading in a very encouraging manner, but even more remark- 

 able is the rapid spread of the Australian saUbush which was intro- 

 duced a few years ago. This plant appears freshest and greenest of all 

 the vegetation on the island, produces seed abumlantly under the most 

 severe conditions, is readily eaten by both cattle and horses and is not 

 killed by grazing. The most difficult problem of this island is to get 

 tree growth started on the wind-swept plateaus above an altitude of 

 800 feet. Here all the arable soil has been blown away and only the 

 bare hard-pan remains. Mr. MacPhee proposes plowing furrows at 

 strategic points, putting manure in the trenches and sowing algaroba 

 seeds. If windbreaks can once be established in this way further plant- 

 ing will be much easier and cheaper. Xo better tree than algaroba 

 could be used, but because of the hardiness of the wattle that species 

 was suggested to be tried in connection with algaroba. 



Throughout the entire tour of Maui and Kahoolawe photographs of 

 forest conditions were taken for the official album of the Division of 

 Forestry. 



Respectfully submitted, 



CHAS. J. KRAEBEL, 

 Assistant Superintendent of Forestry. 



REPORT OF THE FOREST NURSERYMAN, SEPTEMBER, 1920. 



October m, 1920. 



Superintendent of Forestry, Honolulu. 



sir: — I herwith submit a report of the principal work done during 

 the month of September, 1920: 



