344 



treated naked seed but not as great as when the seed was soaked. 

 Germination was consistent after this but diminished until the 

 104th day, after which no more seed sprouted. 



6. The seed in parchment covering which had passed through 

 the horse, which is the natural method by which algaroba seed is 

 usually sown and spread over the country, gave the poorest results 

 of all with a germination of only 57%. During the first seven 

 days, only 12% germinated and the remainder sprouted consis- 

 tently throughout the balance of the full 119 day period. 



Summary. While the above test may not be considered ex- 

 tensive enough to be conclusive, it is sufficient at least to furnish 

 the following preliminary deductions : 



1. Algaroba seed is prepared for quick germination on passing 

 through the alimentary system of a horse only when the seed is 

 removed from the tough parchment-like covering. 



2. Naked algaroba seed, untreated in any manner, gives the 

 best germination results. 



3. Placing naked seed in boiling water and soaking it for 24 

 hours does not injure the seed but greatly hastens germination. 



4. The parchment-like seed covering greatly hinders germina- 

 tion. 



THE PROTECTION OF LIVE STOCK IN HAWAII 



AGAINST INFECTIOUS AND CONTAGIOUS 



DISEASES— III. 



By Dr. L. N. Case. Territorial Veterinarian. 

 Hemorrhagic Septicemia 



This disease occurs in cattle, sheep, horses, swine and poultry 

 and depends more or less exclusively upon infection with the 

 hemorrhagic septicemia group of micro-organisms. In Europe, it 

 also affects the stag, shuffle deer and roebuck. In the United 

 States the disease appeared and was recognized by veterinarians in 

 1909 in six of the Eastern states and by 1910 had spread through- 

 out the Middle West. In 1911 it threatened the extermination of 

 the buffalo in Yellowstone Park but was checked by the perfect- 

 ing, by the Federal Bureau of Animal Industry, of the method of 

 vaccination which is now used throughout the United States 

 wherever the disease occurs. 



In this Territory this disease has been known in cattle since 

 the early part of 1909 when a small outbreak occurred among 

 cattle on the island of Hawaii and later the same year in cattle 

 shipped to Honolulu stock yards from the Kona coast after 

 particularly rough trips. Quite recently a number of cases have 

 occurred among beef and dairy cattle on Maui, but it was not until 

 the spring of this year (April-May, 1920), that the disease could 

 be said to have assumed the character and spread of an epidemic, 



