taken up, great care should be exercised when removing the bulb 

 not to lose the small bulblets, botanically known as cormels, as 

 these if taken care of will soon produce flowering bulbs. These 

 small bulblets can be placed in sand and kept for a few months 

 and then planted in drills like peas in some good spots in the 

 garden, where they will increase in size and flower in less than 

 two years in our climate. 



THE PROTECTION OF LIVESTOCK IN HAWAII 



AGAINST INFECTIOUS AND CONTAGIOUS 



DISEASES.— IV. ( Concluded.) 



By Dr. L. N. Case, Territorial Veterinarian. 

 Contagious Abortion. 



This is a contagious disease principally of cattle, especially in 

 breeding establishments such as dairies, although it may become 

 widely spread among range animals, caused by the bacillus Abor- 

 tus (Bang). 



It is a disease wdiich is attracting widespread interest among 

 veterinary sanitarians and which probably causes more loss to the 

 owmer than any other infectious and contagious disease of cattle. 



Existing on the mainland of the United States for many years, 

 it was only recently discovered among the cattle of this Territory, 

 although there is reason to believe that it has been present here 

 for a considerable time among the dairy cattle in Oriental and 

 Portuguese dairies and has never been reported. 



Its introduction here undoubtedly occurred through the im- 

 porting from the mainland of cattle known as "carriers" ; that is, 

 cattle which have aborted several times and finally recovered, but 

 which are still able to spread the infection. It is impossible, at 

 the present time, to guard against the introduction of such ani- 

 mals, as the authorities on the mainland are not in a position to 

 issue agglutination test certificates to accompany shipments. 



The disease is characterized by the expulsion of the uterine 

 contents, followed by a uterine discharge, retention of the after- 

 birth in many cases, though not always, and a more or less severe 

 metritis. An animal may abort at any time during the gestation 

 period from the second to the seventh month, with the majority 

 of cases occurring during the fourth and fifth months. If uncom- 

 plicated with any other disease, the animal fully recovers. We 

 have observed it here occurring with hemorrhagic septicemia, 

 causing the death of the animal in each case. 



The loss from this disease is confined principally to the death 

 of the offspring, reduction in milk production, and the resulting 

 sterility which, in many instances, follows a series of abortions. 



Contagious abortion may persist for years in infected premises 



