200 



Index 



flatworms, locomotion, 125 

 mostly aquatic, 93 

 salinity, 116 

 flies (see also Diptera, mosquitoes) 

 larvae, 72, 98 



robber, eyes, 127 

 flounder, oxygen used, 58 

 food, 56, 91, 136 



chains, 91 



for energy, 79 



in littoral water, 19, 127 

 foraminiferans, 33 

 fossils, 4, 7 

 fresh water, compared with land, 13 



compared with ocean, 13 



in marine zonation, 55 

 frogs (see also amphibians) 



body fluids, 76, 112 



eggs above water, 62 



excretion, 130 



flying, 95 



integument, 99, 100 



metamorphosis, 115 



reproduction, 132 



respiration, 103, 106 



skin-breathing, 103 



toleration of air, 85, %7 



toleration of salt, 93 

 Fucus, beach zone, 18, 19 



light requirement, 91 



F. platycarpus, 54 

 Fundulus, in fresh water, 116 



F. heteroclitus, salt toleration, 

 75,77 



galaxid fishes, 36 

 Gdmmarus duebenii, 29, 34 



G. locusta, 29, 34 



G. locusta campylops, 28, 29 



G. marinus, 29 



G. pulex, 29, 34 



G. laddaci. 34 

 Ganges River, 23, 27 

 gases, in marshes, 33 



sensitivity to, 59 



solubility, 34 

 gastropods (see also snails, moUusks, 

 etc.) 



haemocyanin, 121 



marine, larvae, 62 



on land, 16, 34, 93 

 Gdstrotrichd, reproduction, 131 

 gazelle, does not drink, 87 



0cinus, 38 

 espiration, 109 



reproduction, 134 



G. lateralis, blood salinity, 113 

 Geograpsus, 45 

 geotropism, 21 

 gephyreans, haemerythrin, 121 



haemoglobin, 120 

 gill arches, in vertebrates, 9, 105 

 gills, 98, 100, 102 



blood, 102, 103 



cover, 109 

 gobies, 66 



beach-skipping, 66, 86, 105 



eyes, 128 



locomotion, 126 



on mangroves, 68 



parasites, 141 



respiration, 104, 109 



skin-breathing, 99 



water requirements, 86 

 Gorgoderina, as parasites, 141 



