148 THE MIGRATIONS OF BIRDS 



proper season. In the Philippines hundreds of wag- 

 tails, pipits, and waders appear during autumn 

 migration, some to remain for the winter, others to 

 pass on to points farther south. In the Celebes, in 

 addition to these northern migrants, there are re- 

 corded various movements among local birds which 

 shift to some extent with the seasons. With the 

 flowering and fruiting of certain trees small parrots 

 of several species iXrichoglossus ornatus^ Eutelipsitta 

 meyeri, and Loriculus stigmatus) are abundant in 

 Manado in March, April, or May, and then disap- 

 pear, while a weaver-finch congregates in Makassar 

 during the rice harvest in June and July, and then 

 disperses. Certain large pigeons, as the nutmeg 

 pigeon and some of its allies, travel widely through 

 the East Indies, where they wander with the avail- 

 ability of food, but resort at the proper season to 

 restricted areas to nest. The Nicobar pigeon in par- 

 ticular has this habit, and may spread through an 

 area of broad extent during its wanderings. 



South of the Equator we find few published data 

 that give definite routes of migration, and those few 

 are so widely scattered that it is not practicable to 

 summarize them completely here. Merely a hint 

 of the main routes followed may be traced in state- 

 ments in paragraphs that follow. 



From North America a number of species of birds 

 come annually to winter in South America, but com- 



