ILLUSTRATIONS 



PAGE 



manuscript Kiyafet-ul-Insaniyyeh (personal descrip- 

 tions of the Osmanli Sultans) in the Oriental 

 Department of the British Museum. This manu- 

 script was composed in a.h. 997 (a.d. 1589) by 

 Lukman Shahnameji (royal poet annalist), and illus- 

 trated with portraits after contemporary originals. 



A Turkish Carramuzzal, . . . . .136 



The ' Carramuzzal * or * Brigandine ' was a favourite craft 

 with the Turkish pirates who infested the Mediter- 

 ranean in the i6th and 17th centuries. Hakluyt 

 says they were vessels * like unto ye French 

 Gabards, sailing daily upon the river of Bordeaux, 

 which sail with a misen or triangle saile.' In order 

 that the extent and variety of armament may be 

 clearly seen, the illustration shows the carramuzzal 

 without mast or rigging. It is taken from the 

 Architectura Navalis of Joseph Furttenbach printed at 

 Ulm in 1629. 



Plan of Alexandria, . . . . . .160 



From G. Braun and F. Hohenberg's Civitates Orbis 

 Terrarum^ I573> i" ^^e British Museum. The 

 * roade ' or dock, * made very fencible with strong 

 wals,* in which the galleys wintered, and from which 

 John Fox carried off the galley * Captain of Alex- 

 andria,' is shown to the right of the main harbour. 



Plan of Constantinople, ..... 256 



From G. Braun and F. Hohenberg's Cwitates Orbis 

 Terr ar urn ^ I573- 



AlVenetian Merchantman, ..... 368 



This and the two succeeding illustrations are taken from 

 the Architectura Navalis of Joseph Furttenbach^ Ulm, 

 1629. In the sectional plan the internal arrange- 

 ments of a *■ great ship ' of the period are seen, and 

 it is of interest to note that the fore and mizzen 



XV 



