1910] VETERINARY MEDICINE. 383 



by mouth it produces alimentary disturbances, bul some is absorbed and some 

 at least is excreted unchanged in urine; <<•) any antimalarial action which it 

 may exert is so slight in comparison with that of quiuin as t-, be negligible. 



"A given dose of quinin gives rise in dlfferenl nun to very different amounts 

 of quinin in the blood. The excretion period of quinin by the urine dil' 

 greatly in different men — ranging from 41 noun (after a single dose by mouth) 

 to 7.r> (lays (after the last of a succession nf large doses). Ahout 90 per 

 cent of the quinin injected intravenously disappears from the blood within 

 one minute. There is a striking association between symptoms of quinin intoxi- 

 cation and high concentrations of quinin in the blood. When quinin is adminis- 

 tered in a succession of large doses, an abnormally large proportion (from 90 

 to 93 per cent of that ingested) is metabolized. 



"Quinin may fail to effect a radical cure of malaria even when it has 

 reached and maintained for some time a concentration in the blood so high as 

 to be barely tolerable to the patient." 



Diet and renal activity in tartrate nephritis, W. Sai.ant and A. M. Swan- 

 son (Proc. Soc. Expt. Biol, and Med., 15 (1917), No. 1. pp. 8, <J). 



The bearing of cutaneous hypersensitiveness on the pathogenicity of the 

 Bacillus abortus bovinus, E. C. Fi.kisc n nkr and K. F. BdSYSB (Amer. Jour. 

 Diseases Children, 16 (1918), No. J h pp. £68-278). — Experimental evidence is 

 given to prove that in guinea pigs infect ion with U. abortus bovinus and with 

 the tubercle bacillus always produces cutaneous hypersensitiveness. In infants 

 infection with the tubercle bacillus, with few exceptions, gives marked cuta- 

 neous hypersensitiveness, while in the serums of 75 infants fed on milk with a 

 high Bacillus abortus content cutaneous hypersensitiveness was not present. 

 The constant absence of this phenomenon in infants is considered to indicate 

 that B. abortus bovinus is not pathogenic for infants. 



Spirilla associated with disease of the fetal membranes in cattle (infec- 

 tious abortion), T. Smith (Jour. Expt. Med., 28 (1918), No. 6, pp. 701-719, pis. 

 2). — "Spirilla of identical morphological and cultural characters have been 

 isolated in pure cultures from the fetuses of 14 cases of abortion. The condi- 

 tion of the fetus is much the same whether spirilla or the bacilli of abortion are 

 present. This condition is probably due in both cases to interference with 

 the placental circulation. The injurious action of the etiological factor when 

 spirilla are present is limited to the fetal membranes, more particularly Iho 

 chorion. Definite lesions of the fetus were not detected. The spirilla gain 

 access to the digestive and respiratory organs of the fetus when the latter 

 swallows the amniotic fluid. More rarely they are disseminated through the 

 body, probably through the circulation. The spirilla will grow in certain cidture 

 media only under reduced oxygen tension, readily secured by sealing the ordi- 

 nary culture tubes with sealing wax. Laboratory animals (mammals) are 

 refractory. The precise relation of the spirillum to the pathologic process 

 remains to be more definitely formulated. Since the spirillum was first Isolated, 

 27 cases have been found associated with BacW/us abortus and 14 with the 

 spirillum. In none was a mixed infection with both organisms detected. The 

 spirillum has been isolated only from the second or - ling pregnancies." 



A table here presented summarizes the data collected thus far. " It gives by 

 number the male, and shows that the spirillum is not associated with any one 

 bull. The spirillum has been found in fetuses of various ages. The distribu- 

 tion of spirilla as shown by cultures is given. The guinea pig inoculations are 

 shown to be uniformly negative as regards B. abortiu." 



Louping-ill, S. Stockman (Jour. Compar. Path, and Thcr., SI (1918), Nn. 3. 

 pp. 137-193, figs. 10). — This is a detailed report of investigations carried on in 



