382 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.40 



for these examinations. It is, however, considered wiser to give the mixture, 

 especially in cases where sporulated bacilli are present in the original bac- 

 teriological preparations. 



The clinical pathology of mustard gas (dichlorethylsulphid) poisoning, 

 G. R. Herrman.n (Jour. Lab. and Clin. Med.. 4 (1918), Xo. 2, pp. ISO, figs. 2).— 

 " Mild cases of mustard gas burns of the skin show no changes in the blood 

 or urine. Moderately severe and severe cases of mustard gas burns of the 

 skin with some involvement of the upper respiratory tract show after the firsi 

 week dfeflnite changes In urine, blood urea, and blood. The urinary changes 

 consist In a diminution of the urinary output, increased concentration and 

 acidity, albuminuria, and diminished area and chlorid output. In the sediment 

 there may be found casts, renal epithelium, red blood cells, and an Increased 

 numbers of leucocytes. Under the forced fluids prompt improvement occurs. 



"Coincident with these urinary changes the blood urea is found to be high, 

 but approaches normal with the improvement in the urinary condition when 

 fluids are forced. 



" The blood shows a slight secondary anemia with a well-marked poly- 

 morphonuclear leucocytosis, a definite eosinophil^, and the appearance of 

 myelocytes ami young forms of leucocytes. The blood platelets were usually 

 increased. Xo evidence of hemolysis was found. These changes indicate a 

 disturbance In the white cell formation rather than in the red blood cell 

 group. No leucopenla was noted at any time. The leucocytosis reached its 

 height colncidently with the height of the secondary Infection, and fell with Che 

 Improvement of the infection. 



"The temperature, pulse, and respiration charts show in the severe cases 

 an initial period of shock. With the development of the necrosis and the 

 secondary infection there is a corresponding febrile reaction. The bacterwilogic 

 examination of the Infected skin lesions and furuncles showed constantly the 

 presence of Staphylococcia pyogenes aureus. In the one bronchial cast ob- 

 tained streptococci were present 



"We believe thai the changes In the blood and urine may be interpreted as 

 dependent upon the secondary Infection and due, in part, possibly to the 

 absorption of toxic products from the necrotic skin, rather than to any direct 

 toxic action of mustard pis." 



On quinin in animal tissues and liquids, with methods for its estimation, 

 W. Kamshkn, 1. J. Lii'KiN. and E. Whiti.ky [Ann. Trap. Med. and 1'ar.. 12 

 (191S), No. 2. pp. 288-258, figs. 8).— "Delicate methods are described for the 

 estimation and detection of quinin in animal tissues and liquids, Quinin doaf 

 not normally suffer change in putrefying urine or feces, Quinin introduced Into 

 an animal in large doses accumulates in most of the tissues at wry much higher 

 concentrations than in the blood. Of the quinin present in the blood, more 

 than three-fourths is in the serum (plasma ?). Normal red corpuscles take 

 up very little quinin, 



"Alter intraperitoneal injections the suprarenal glands take up quinin at 

 much higher concentration than any other tissue examined; the kidneys prob- 

 ably come next in the series. The healthy human kidney excretes quinin at 

 much higher concentration than that at which it is present in the contem- 

 poraneous blood. During an attack of blackwater fever it appears to lose this 

 power. The liver of rabbits, guinea pigs, and oxen rapidly attacks quinin post- 

 mortem ami presumably during life. The properties of the- active agent Bugs 

 that it is an enzym. The product or products presumably represent normal 

 metabolites of quinin in the living body, 



"Experiments directed to ascertain whether qulnotoxin is a normal meta- 

 bolite have shown thai tat it is attacked bj liver extracts; tb) when Ingested 



