352 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.40 



tracheation of the wings, more general features of the wings, paleontological 

 data bearing on the development and the specialization of the win;;?, develop- 

 ment of the wi!ii r s. steps in the specialization of wings, etc. Chapters on the 

 wings of each of the 20 orders of insects follow; also a chapter on the teaching 

 of the uniform terminology of the wing veins of insects, a bibliography of 7 

 pages, and an index. 



The locomotions of surface-feeding caterpillars are not tropisms, C. II. 

 Turner (Biol. Bui. Mar. Biol. Lab. Woods Hole, 3$ (1918), No. S, pp. 137-! 

 figs. 3). — The author concludes that there is nothing about the behavior of 

 surface-feeding caterpillars which warrants the assumption that their locomo- 

 tions are tropisms. 



[Economic insects in Kansas] (Kansas Sta. Rpt. 1917, pp. 15, 16. 19. 20, 27, 

 28). — A brief statement is made of the work of ihe year with the Hessian fly, 

 corn earworm, fruit insects, insects injurious to shade trees and Maple crops, 

 and termites. 



In variety test work with regard to immunity to corn earworm injury. 2." 

 varieties <>f corn wen' grown, Of which Colby Bloody Butcher and [owa Silver- 

 mine had the lowest percentage Of ears injured and the highest yield. Experi- 

 ments made with dust sprays Indicate that the injury decreases with the in- 

 crease in the Dumber of applications, and that the dust gun is more effective 

 than the doth bag In application. 



Some of the principal insects affecting vegetables in Trinidad and Tobago, 

 F. W. URICH (Bui. Dept. Agr. Trinidad and Tobago, 17 (1918), No. 8, pp. 77- 

 pls. .'/). — This paper calls attention to BOme of the principal pests of vege- 

 tables in Trinidad and Tobago and discusses control measures. 



Fumigation of Cattleya orchids with hydrocyanic acid gas, E. It. Sas 

 and II. F. Diktz (Jour. Agr. Research [U. S.], 15 (1918). No. o. pp. 963-268, 

 pi.?. 2). — Inspectors of the Federal Horticultural Board of the r. s. Department 

 of Agriculture, In calling attention to the Importance of fumigation all orchids 

 Imported, state thai a total <>f 137 species of insects. Including 41 species of 

 scale, were collected on imported orchids, principally species of Cattleya, or in 



ses containing them, from August, 1912, to December, 1917. The experiments 

 which they here report were conducted with a view to determining the possi- 

 bility of Billing Insects by fumigation without removing the plants from the 

 container and to determine the effect of fumigation on Imported <; at 



time of arrival. The conclusions drawn from these experiments, which are 

 supported by data present- 1 largely in tabular form, are as follows: 



"Black areas appear on unfumigated as well as fumigated leaves winch 

 have been injured. Progressive yellowing occurs ,, n both unfumigated and 

 fumigated plants and depends on adverse treatment or age <>f the leav< -. 

 Fumigated plants lose their leaves more rapidly than do unfumigated plants 

 when subjected to adverse treatment. Young leaves and shoots are QOl severely 

 injured by the gas with a 1-oz. dosage, although a number of old devitalized 

 leaves may fall. Fumigation is not responsible for dying of pseudobulbs. If 

 excessive dosages are not used. Presence of water on Cattleya Leaves does not 

 increase burning from fumigation. Loss of a few old leaves does not render a 

 plant valueless, as in a brief period they are replaced by new vigorous folia~ 

 Where excessive dosages are not employed, orchids are apparently stimulated 

 by hydrocyanic acid gas. 



"Infested orchids at the time of arrival at the port of entry, if in a reason- 

 ably good condition, are not seriously affected by hydrocyanic-acid gas gen- 

 erated at the rate of 1 oz. to sodium cyanld per 100 eu» ft., and are not killed 

 where a 4-oz. dosage is used. Insects which are not hermetically sealed in 



