110 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [V„i. 40 



phenylalanin 2.0, aspartlc acid 5.25, glutaminic add 16.69, tyrosin .".". cyatln 

 0.85, arglnln 13.51, liisiiijin L88, lysln 4.:is, tryptophan present, and am m on i a 

 2.03. 



The hydrolysis of kafirin. I ». !'.. JONES and < '. O. JOHNS (Jour. Biol. ck-m.. 

 [1918), No. '.. \>]> \). The hydrolysis «>f kafirin, the alcohol-soluble 



portion of Kafir corn, previously noted < B. S. R., 37, p v >. resulted In the 

 following percentage of amino acids: Glydn <», alanln 8.08, valla 4J26, leudn 

 15.44, prolln 7.8, phenylalanin 2.34, aspartlc add 2.27, glntaminlc acid _i._.".. 

 tyrosin 5.49, cyatln 0.84, arglnln 1.59, hlstidln L12, lysln 0.95, tryptophan pi 

 ent, and ammonia 3.46, making ;i total of 74.87 per cent Certain modifications 

 of the usual methods of hydrolysis arc noted. 



Note on the preparation of gulonic lactone, K. B, I.\ Fom r. BioL 



Chem., 86 (1918), vo. .'./</>. .:;: 849). The cyanhydrin method of preparing one 



sugar frciin another having a lower Dumber of carbon atoms has i a Bimplifled 



bj the author at the Bureau of Chemistry of the O. 8. Department of Agricul- 

 ture in the preparation of gulonlc lactone from xylose. The simplified method 

 described maki ble the elimination <»f the operation of boiling with 

 barium hydroxld, the saponification of the nitrlle of gulonlc add being effei 

 with a sllghl ■ sulphuric add. The resulting ammonium sulphate is 

 allowed to remain in the solution as ii does not Interfere with the crystallisa- 

 tion of the ladone oi neentration. 



The yield of chemically pure, recrystalllzed gulonlc lactone from pure i 

 amounted I • ol of the weigh! «»f the xylose employed. II 



thai the method, with proper modifications, may be applied t" the preparation 

 of other sugars. 



The distillation of cellulose nnd starch under reduced pressure. A Pi< u r 

 and J. s\ [Helvetica Chitn. ieta, t [1911 has 



been essentially noted from another souro p 708) Additional 



studies are reported leading to the conclusion thai the grouping of atoms in 

 levoglucosane preexists in the molecule • b and «»f cellulose. The possible 



formulas for levoglucosane and their b on the structure of eellult 



of starch arc discussed. 



Chemical studies in some marine nlgne, chief material of ••kar.t. n." H. 

 M\i>i-i (Jour. Col Igr.Imp i (t916), \17). Cheml- 



leal Btudles are reported of tengusa, yegonorl, and ogonori, three algae d 

 in the manufadure <>f kanten, or Japanese agar-agar. The studies Indude 

 qualitative tests Bhowlng that the alga contain bexoeans, pentosan, and methyl 

 pentosan, but neither starch, mannitol, nor reducing sugi 



A study of the conditions essential for the commercial manufacture of 

 carvacrol, a. \v. Rrxsoa and R, n. M< Ki c (Jour, iiuius. <nui Engin. Chem., v> 

 (1918), No. It, pp InChem. lb*., 18 (1919) \ . • I).— 



A process for the manufacture <>f carvacrol from eymene Ifi described in which 



spruce turpentine la used as a source of eymene. The method has been found 

 practical on a large scale and is considered of commercial Importance in view 

 of the possibility of utilising carvacrol aa a substitute for thymoL 



The fermentation organisms of California grapes, w v. i (Unto, ('nl. 



Pubs. \</>: s,i.. ', (1918), tfo. t, pp. / M, pis. /ii. -This publication re- 



ports B Stud] conducted at the California Experiment Station of the mlCTOOr> 

 ganlsms occurring on California grapes. The report includes a general discus- 

 sion of mape organisms and the result- ..r laboratory studies on the prop,- ■ 



of molds, bacteria, and yeasta from California irrapcs ; OH the influence of lo- 

 cality, degree of ripeness, and shipment from vineyard to winery upon the • 

 and number of microorganisms; on the character and number <»f uilrroorgun- 



