488 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.40 



animal report of the Secretary of Agriculture dated November 15. 1918 I - 

 p. 4'.!.*; i, also notes on exports of farm products in 1918 and estimates of the 

 world's requirements of cereals and miscellaneous crops for 1919 and for the 

 years 1919 and 1920. 



The live-stock program is considered in the light of available and prospective 

 feed supplies and demands for the product. The supply of seed for the leading 

 stapie crops is reported adequate and generally well distributed. Questions of 

 fertilizers (see p. 421 » and the labor supply are also discussed. 



[Report of] the farm management department, E. L. Currikr (Montana 

 Stn. Rpt, J917. pp. 248-252). — A preliminary summary of conclusions drawn 

 from studies conducted on wheat farms in the Gallatin Valley and the Judith 

 Basin to determine the cost of growing wheat and the relation of the wheat 

 enterprise to farm organization in Montana, and from similar studies of organ- 

 ization on the sugar-beet farms in the region adjacent to Billings, is given. 



Farming as a business. YV. A. o.strandkr (S. Dak. Col. Agr. IC.rt. ('ire. 10 

 (HUH), pp. 31, fig. 1). — This circular is a copy of an account kept by a farmer 

 in South Dakota, covering his farm business in 1917-18, witli summaries of 

 various enterprises taken from the record of sales, expenses, and inventories 



Opportunities afforded the railroads of the United States for profitable 

 agricultural development work, T. P, POWELL ( Proc. 2. Pan Amer. Sd. Cong., 

 1915—16, vol. 3. pp. 'f.">l-.'t- r )6) . — Various methods which the railroads might u- • 

 to cooperate more closely wirh farmers in marketing and distributing agricul- 

 tural products are discussed. A bibliography is appended. 



Great central markets for live stock and meats, L. D. Hall ( I'roc. 2. Pan 

 Amer. Sc>. Cong., 1915-16, vol. 3, pp. 385 841, fig. 1). — This article contains a 

 brief history of the rise and growth of great Central markets for live stork, also 

 statistics showing the number of cattle received annually at the principal 

 markets at K)-year Intervals from is7'> to ioio. The author states that the 

 chief problems in live-stock marketing are the wide market fluctuations ami 

 the difficulty in financing live-stork paper; that though the cost of production 

 is higher than formerly, the central markets have helped !o stabilize the ex- 

 pense of marketing; and that the cost of selling compares favorably with that 

 incurred in the sale of any other farm product. 



The meat problem. Mottsstj (Ree. MM. Vit., .''•? (1917), No. II. pp. \81-49t).— 

 The author maintains that the problem of furnishing meat to both civilians 

 and soldiers has become Increasingly difficult in France. He su^ests the 

 construction of regional abattoirs with refrigeration to take cur" of the cattle 

 from the vicinity, and the Inaugurating of a regular servir e of refrigerating 

 wagons capable of conserving all perishables to the end of the route, notwith- 

 standing unexpected delays. During the winter season, the author suggests, it 

 is possible to supply the front with meat slaughtered behind the lines even 

 without refrigeration wagons, provided that the meats are transported hanging, 

 and he states that there already exist models of wagon bodies which are easily 

 adaptable to this method of transporting meats. He attributes many of the 

 problems that have arisen to lack of sufficient organization. 



Truck marketing on a large scale under cooperative principles, N. P. Wks 

 cott (Proc. 2. Pan Amer. s<-i. ("org.. 1915-16, vol. 3, pp. 31,1-349). — This article 

 discusses methods of cooperative associations for truck marketing, with special 

 reference to the operations of the Eastern Shore of Virginia Produce Exchange. 



Improved transportation service for perishable products. Q. 0. White 

 (Proc. 2. Pan Amer. Soi. Cong.. 1915-16, vol. 3. pp. 400-42.;).— This article dis- 

 cusses the principal factors in efficient transportation of perishable products 



The author states that mechanical refrigeration has not proved practical, 

 economical, or efficient, and that there is need for improvement in mechanical 



