1919] FIELD CROPS. 231 



iu the region with cotton, sugar cane, wheat, and miscellaneous field crops are 

 reported. 



[Report of field crops work in Fiji, 1916], C. H. Knowlks [Fiji hcpt. Agr. 

 Ann. Rpt. 1916, pp. 8-10, 11-13). — Variety tests with yams, field tests with 

 sweet potatoes, cassava, soy beans, cowpeas, haricot beans, Phaseolus mungo, 

 corn, and hemp, and cultural and fertilizer experiments with peanuts, rice, 

 and cotton are briefly reported. 



Fodder crops on reclaimed swamp lands, W. J. Spafford (Jour. Dept. Agr. 

 So. Aust., 21 (1018), No. 6, pp. 480-492).— The author discusses the adaptation 

 of alfalfa ami certain perennial grasses and annual forage 'Tops to Irrigated, 

 reclaimed swamp lands. 



The fodder pulses, meth, bhringi, and mashyem kalai, A. C. GHOSH (Agr. 

 Jour. Bihar and Orissa [India], 5 (1917), No. 1, pp. 15-47, pis. 4).— Brief botani- 

 cal descriptions are given of meth (Phaseolus ricciardiannus) , bhiinge (P. acon- 

 ilifolius), and mashyem kalai (P. ealeartitus) , together wiLh a more detailed 

 account of the field practices and cultural methods employed in their pro- 

 duction. 



The principal forage crops of the Philippines, F. C. Kingman and E. D. 

 Dokyland (Philippine Agr. Rev. [English Ea\], 10 (1917), No. 3, pp. 261-271, 

 jits. 5). — Other than the native grasses, which are said to comprise the sole 

 forage in some localities, the following are deemed to be the principal forage 

 crops of the islands : Guinea grass, uba or Japanese forage cane, Sudan grass, 

 desert Indian corn from the United States, peanuts, cowpeas, nonsaccharin 

 sorghums, mungo beans, and Held corn. Cultural methods employed in growing 

 the various crops are discussed, and their relative distribution is noted. 



Important root crops of the Philippines, F. C. Kingman and E. D. Doryland 

 (Philippine Agr. Rev. [English Ed.], 10 (1917), No. 4, pp. 335-349, pis. 5).— The 

 production and use of root crops in the Philippines are described, including 

 ginger, arrowroot, cassava, sincamas (Pachyrrhizus err.sus) gabi (Colocusia 

 esculcntum), sweet potatoes, and yams. 



"Root crops of the sorts mentioned in this paper are to be found abundantly, 

 or at least well established, in practically all parts of the islands, and are 

 growing at practically any period of the year; thus they furnish a constant 

 supply of nourishing food the year around. The majority of these crops do not 

 constitute a regular held crop except in a few localities, but find their place 

 as secondary crops to fill in after the main crops have been removed." 



Indian trade in oil seeds (Bui. Imp. Inst. [So. Kensington], 15 (1917), No. 

 3. pp. 858-428). — This is a detailed account, supplemented by statistical infor- 

 mation, of the production and disposition of oil seeds, oils, and oil cakes in 

 India with particular reference to the development of trade within the British 

 Empire. The discussion embraces cotton seed, flaxseed, niger seed (Guizutia 

 abyssinica), rapeseed, mustard seed, poppy seed, peanuts, sesame seed, castor 

 seed, mowra, mahua or mowa seed (Bassia spp.), and copra. 



Experiments with clover and timothy at different rates of seeding, S. 

 Rhodin (K. Landtbr. Akud. Ilandl. och Tidtskr., 56 (1917), No. 7-8, pp. 575- 

 584; Meddel. Centralanst. Forsoksv. Jordbruksomrddet, No. 158 (1917), pp. 12). — 

 The seed mixture used in these experiments, carried on from 1907 to 1915, in- 

 clusive, consisted of 70 per cent timothy, 20 per cent alsike clover, and 10 per 

 cent red clover and was sown at the rates of 24, 30, and 36 kg. per hectare 

 (21.4, 26.7. and 32 lbs. per acre, respectively). Not all tests were in progress 

 the entire period but no test was conducted less than six years. 



The various tests, including 15 1-year. 11 2-year, and 12 3-year meadows, 

 produced a general average of 5,145, 5,515, and 5,S78 kg. of hay per hectare 

 from thin, medium, and heavy seeding, respectively. The heavy rate of seeding 



