191»] FIELD CROPS. 243 



open-frame type of tobacco seed bed employed In South Africa are briefly 

 described. 



Crop-rotation systems adapted to sections infested with tobacco wilt, E. Q. 

 Moss and F. A. Wolf (Bui. N. C. Dept. Agr., 38 (1917), No. 12, pp. 11, figs. 2).— 

 Fields tests with various cropping systems in an effort to control tobacco wilt 

 in North Carolina are described, and different crop rotations deemed suited to 

 local conditions are outlined. 



Data obtained in experiments conducted at Creedmoor in 1916 showed 3.7 

 per cent wilt for tobacco after corn grown continuously for 5 years, 4.9 per 

 cent after red clover and mixed grasses continuously, and 6 per cent after con- 

 tinuous wheat and cowpoas, as compared with 81.3 per cent after tobacco con- 

 tinuously. On laud cropped to peanuts for 5 years tobacco showed 57.7 per cent 

 wilt. Further tests to determine the length of rotation for tobacco showed wilt 

 percen;: s of 12.6, 18.9, 10.9, and 2.3 for 4, 5, 6, and 7 year rotations, re- 

 spectively, as compared with 53, 72, 81, and 97.6 per cent of wilt, respectively, 

 for the check plats. Tobacco grown on land cropped to cotton for 4 years 

 showed 5.2 per cent wilt in 1917, as compared with 97.6 per cent for tobacco 

 grown continuously. 



Tobacco growing in Cyprus, W. Bevan (Bui. Imp. Inst. [So. Kensington}, 15 

 (1917), No. 3, pp. 428-484)- — The revival of tobacco growing in Cyprus is 

 noted, with special reference to local economic conditions. The production by 

 Syrian refugees of " Latakia " tobacco, a process requiring fumigation of the 

 leaves for four or five months, is described. A peculiar aroma is said to result, 

 disguising the natural flavor of the tobacco and rendering the quality of the 

 the leaf of less importance. 



[The cultivation of ulla grass], R. S. Hole (Indian Forester, 43 (1917), No. 

 11-12, pp. 479-488). — Experimental work on the production of ulla grass (An- 

 thistiria gigantca), said to be a valuable paper pulp material, is described as 

 conducted on the Pilibhit grasslands, United Provinces, India. Factors which 

 were found to reduce the yield materially are the cutting of the immature 

 leafy shoots, the burning over of the dry grasslands, and extensive grazing. 

 Small areas of grassland treated in various ways indicated that maximum 

 yields were obtained from cutting only the flowering and dead shoots and pro- 

 tecting the area from fire. 



Sowing hairy vetch with fall crops at different rates, S. Rhodin (K. 

 Landtbr. Akad. Eandl. och Tidskr., 56 (1917), No. 7-8, pp. 585-594; Meddel. 

 Centralanst. Forsblcsv. Jordbruksomrddet, No. 157 (1917), pp. 12). — Experi- 

 ments were conducted from 1911 to 1915, inclusive, in four different localities 

 to determine the influence of sowing hairy vetch at different rates with either 

 rye or wheat. The vetch was sown throughout the tests at the rates of 70, 

 100, and 120 kg. per hectare (62.3, 89, and 106.8 lbs. per acre), but in three of 

 the experiments it was sown with 10 or 80 kg. of rye, and in the fourth with 

 100 or 112 kg. of wheat per hectare, the smaller quantity in each case being 

 used with the 70 kg. of vetch. 



On the soils with an adequate lime content, the largest production of dry 

 matter was secured from the lowest rate of sowing, while on the soils poor in 

 lime the heaviest sowing gave the best results. This was brought out especially 

 by the results on a marly clay soil on which the smallest quantity, 170 kg. of 

 mixed seed containing only 41.2 per cent of vetch, produced 30 per cent more 

 dry matter per hectare than was obtained from the largest quantity, 272 kg. 

 of mixed seed with 51.7 per cent of vetch seed. 



On soil relatively low in lime content the largest quantity of seed used pro- 

 duced over 25 per cent more dry substance than was obtained from the use of 

 the smallest seed quantity. The yields from the medium quantity of seed on 



