1919] DISEASES OF PLANTS. 157 



from the like-named fungus attacking alfalfa, Is described In connection with 

 a somewhat del ailed account of the disease and the causal organism. 



The diseased spots do not transpire, the injury being due to the unbalanced 

 metabolism which leads to a depletion of the cell reserves. The fungus grows 

 equally well in light and in darkness, but the shaded lower leaves of the 

 plants are more readily attacked than those higher up. The organism may be 

 Bpread by the splashing of rain, or it may overwinter in crop refuse. Seed 

 may carry the disease to the next crop, and spores may he carried 48 ft. 

 by a wind velocity of 3.93 miles per hour, or possibly farther in the open air. 

 The breeding of resistant varieties is depended upon as a means of control. 



[Fungus diseases of mushrooms], W. B. BCcDoTTOAIX (Bui. Ill State Lab, 

 Nat. Hist.. 11 (1917), Art. 7, pp. 427, 428, fig. 1).— A disease of Lentinus tigrinus 

 is said to be caused by a Sporotrlchum, and a disease of cultivated mushrooms 

 to be caused by a bacterium. 



A wilt of Capsicum annuum, L. Pavaeino and M. Turconi (Atti 1st. Bot. 

 Univ. 1'aria. 2. ser., 15 (1918), pp. 207-211). — This is a descriptive discussion of 

 a pepper wilt studied at Pavia. The supposedly causal organism is considered 

 a new species, and has been named Bacillus capsici. 



[Liability of potatoes to disease] (Carnegie Inst. Washington Year Book. 16 

 (1917). p. 132). — It is stated that Harris has analyzed biometrically certain 

 data on the liability of potatoes to disease, the most important conclusion from 

 Which is that varieties of potato which show more than the average amount 

 of injury by one disease will usually show more than average injury by 

 another disease; that is, to a considerable extent, susceptibility to disease is 

 general rather than specific. 



Black wart caused by Chrysophlyctis endobiotica, L, O. Kunkkl (U. S. 

 Dept. Agr., Bur. Plant Indus., Plant Disease Bui., 2 (1918), Xo. 11, pp. 197- 

 199). — A report is given of the discovery in Luzerne County, Pa., of the black 

 wart of potatoes due to C. endobiotica. It is believed that -this disease was 

 introduced into this locality in a shipment of imported potatoes received in 

 1912. As it is probable that only a small part of the shipment was distributed 

 in this region, attention is called to the disease so that plant pathologists may 

 be on the lookout for it in their localities. 



Diseases of sugar cane in tropical and subtropical America, especially the 

 West Indies, J. R. Johnston et al. (West Indian Bui, 16 (1918), No. ). pp. 

 275-.VI8. pis. 7). — The greater part of this information is said to have been 

 compiled by Johnston during his investigations on the subject, which continued 

 for several years. The organisms listed as causing diseases of sugar cane in- 

 clude Bacterium vascularum, Trichosphwria sacchari. dnomonia iliuit. Bphw- 

 rclla saccliari. Eriosplta-ria saechari, Leptosphwria sacchari, Thyridaria tarda, 

 Xectria laurcntiana, TJstilago sacchari, Hypochnus saechari, Odontia saccharicola, 

 0. saccliari, Marasmius sacchari, M. stenophyllus, SchizophyUwn ahieum. I.<\- 

 ternca columnata, Cytospora sacchari, Coniothyrium melasporum, Darluea 

 melaspora, Diplodia cacaoicola, Colletotrichum falcatum, Melanconhim sacchari, 

 M. sacrltarinum, Cephalosporium sacchari, Thielaviopsis paradoxa, C< rcospora 

 langipcs, C. vagina, C. kopkei, Hclminthosporium saccliari, Sclerotium rolfsii, 

 and Himantia stellifera. Diseases classed as nonparasitic or of undetermine.i 

 causation include yellow stripe disease, top rot, sereh. mottling disease, wither- 

 tip, and chlorosis. A brief discussion is given of the diseases and means em- 

 ployed or attempted for their control, and a bibliography is appended. 



Nematode injury [to sugar cane] caused by Heterodera radicicola, N. A. 

 Cohb (U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Plant Indus.. Plant Disease Bui. 2 (191S), Xo. 13, 

 pp. 237, 23S). — The author reports a heavy infestation of stalks of sugar cane 



