168 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.40 



I 

 Contributions to a knowledge of the Crambinse of North America, I, G. G. 

 Ainslie {Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 11 (1918), No. 1, pp. 51-62, figs. 11).— This is 

 the first of a series of papers in which available systematic and biologic in- 

 formation concerning each species of the pyralid subfamily Crambinoe. including 

 personal observations by the author, will be brought together. Complete bib- 

 liographies will be given. In the present paper Crambus hemiochrellus, which 

 has been reared to maturity on blue grass, is dealt with. 



Breeding of Anopheles quadrimaculatus in deep water and at a distance 

 from shore, H. It. Caster (Pub. Health Rpts. [U. S.], S3 (WIS), No. 16, pp. 571, 

 572). — In investigating an infestation by A. quadrimaeulatus at Quautico, Va., 

 in September, 1917, the author found extremely heavy breeding of A. qua<l- 

 rimaculatus over large areas of floatage over the wild celery {Vallisneria 

 spiralis) growing in Quantico and ChappawampsiC Creeks at depths from 2.5 

 to over 6 ft. and extending in places to nearly 0.5 mile from the shore. The 

 breeding of A. quadrimaculatus in deep water is said to have previously been 

 noted on Broad River, S. C, and other places, but not to the extent of that in 

 the vicinity of Quantico. In all of these cases the matting of the floatage pre- 

 vented the breaking of the waves, which passed through it in long swells and 

 furnished good food supply and perfect protection against fish. 



Effect of Anopheles punctipennis on the natural conveyance of malarial 

 fever, H. K. Cartkb (Pub. Health RpU. [D. S.], SS (1918), No. 16, pp. 572- 

 575). — In discussing the extent to which this mosquito is a vector of malaria in 

 nature, the author states that he has never found malaria prevalent where .4.. 

 punctipennis alone was breeding, although an outbreak of malaria where this 

 was the only species has been reported from Virginia by Brumfield. 



Loss during hibernation of the power of malarial anophelines to transmit 

 infection, E. Eotjbatjd {Compt. Rend. Acad. Bd. [Paris], 166 ii'.'iS), No. 6, pp. 

 264-266; abs. in Rev. Appl. Ent., So: IS, 6 (1918), No. 5, pp. 101, 102).— In ex- 

 periments with AnopJu les macuUpenniS infected with malignant tertian malaria 

 (Plasmodium falciparum), the author finds that the sporozoits are discharged 

 from the salivary glands by a relatively small number of punctures. If they are 

 not so discharged they gradually degenerate in the glandular tissue or in the 

 salivary medium. Thus the prolonged infectivity of Anopheles dors not appear 

 to be possible, and the salivary medium in mosquitoes can not be regarded as a 

 hibernating medium for malarial sporozoits. 



The use of palliatives for mosquito bites, H. E. Ewing (four. Econ. Ent.. 

 11 (1918), No. 5, pp. 401-40$).—" Hydrogen peroxid. glycerin, and Indigo ap- 

 parently are worthless as palliatives, and not only fail to have any alleviating 

 effect on the injury from the mosquito bites, but apparently augment the in- 

 jury. However, this apparent augmentation probably Comes from the rubbing 

 which has the effect of increasiug the itching pain at first and of diffusing the 

 Wheal, although usually neither the pain or swelling lasts as long. 



"Soap, bay rum, dilute alcohol, and dilute ammonia have but slight value. 

 Dilute ammonia is to be preferred of the four. If soap is rubbed into the skin 

 some relief is obtained, which probably comes chiefly from the rubbing. 



"Strong alcohol and strong ammonia have the greatest value as palliatives. 

 both giving a marked reduction in pain. There is a tendency for the former to 

 leave a hardened lump in the place of the wheal, and the latter is rather harsh 

 on the skin." 



A new species of Sciara bred from red clover crowns, F. W. Pkttky {Jour. 

 Econ. Ent., 11 (1918), No. 5, p. 420, pi. 1).— Sciara trifolii reared from red clover 

 crowns in Idaho, by A. C. Burrill, is described as new. 



