580 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.40 



the species from which the serum was obtained. This is considered to refute 

 the theory of Friedberger respecting the generalization of the conception of 

 anaphylatoxins. 



The preliminary injection of a sublethal dose of the toxin of Bordet does not 

 protect guinea pigs from a subsequent injection of a lethal dose of the same 

 toxin or of the bacterial anaphylatoxin prepared from guinea-pig serum. The 

 preliminary injection of a sublethal dose of the anaphylatoxin does not protect 

 against a subsequent lethal dose of the anaphylatoxin or of the Bordet toxin. 



The preliminary injection of the serum of rabbits, dogs, horses, or guinea 

 pigs does not protect the guinea pig against the subsequent injection of a lethal 

 dose of the Bordet toxin. 



Prophylaxis of seruni sickness with bovine serum, J. 1'knna, EL Kkaus, 

 and J. Bonokino Ci enca [Rt r. Inst. Bact. [Argentina], l [1918), No. -}, pp. iOo- 

 420; abs. in Jour. Atner. Ued. Assoc, 72 [1919), \u. S. p. 232). — The literature 

 on serum sickness is reviewed and observation. 5 reported, from which the follow- 

 ing conclusions are drawn: 



Normal bovine serum, heated twice to 56" O tor ball an hour, as well as that 

 containing diphtheritic or tetanus antitoxin, only rarely produces serum sick- 

 ness. If used after normal or antiletanic horse serum, it does not diminish 

 the allergic properties of the latter, if used before horse Berum, it acts as a 

 prophylactic agent, reducing considerably the frequency and intensity .>: -rum 

 sickness. A mixture <>i' the two serums in equal amounts produces serum sick- 

 ness, but with a mixture of § bovine serum and 4 I rum the frequency of 

 serum sickness dimin 



Studies in regard to the production of antitoxic serum. A SoaDBLIJ »/.'• V. 

 hot. Ha. t. [Argentina}, l {1918), No. -J. /<><■ /-'<--$-$•>• Ao*- ••'•' "•''»• "< Jour, Atner. 

 Mt<l. ASSOC, 72 [1919), NO. 3, p. 932).- Continuing the Studies noted above, fur. 

 ther work is reported on the rapid immunization with diphtheria toxin neu- 

 tralized with antitoxin, in which excellent results were obtained with both 



young ami old horses. The process was also found to Increase the antitoxic 

 value of the serum of horses Immunised for a long time with pur.- toxin. 



Active Immunity to tetanus was obtained in horses hj means of the same 

 method of neutral mixtures of tetanic toxin and serum, and also by the method 

 of Lowenstein and von Eisler, previously QOted (E. S. R . 34, p. 580). 



Studies in regard to the production of antitoxic sera. — I. Production of 

 antitoxic sera by the use of toxins and antitoxins in old horses, K. KBAUS 

 and A. Sobdelli [Rev. Inst. Boot. {Argentina], i [1918), No. 8, pp. J95-20S).— 

 Experimental evidence is given Indicating that old borses (over 1»> years of 

 age) seem to be better producers of serum than young ones. By injecting 

 neutral mixtures of toxin-antitoxin twice a week in Increasing doses, an anti- 

 diphtheritic serum of high power (300, WO, and 500 units i may be produced in 

 •JM days. 



Oxhydridase, an oxido-reducing diastase. Its antitoxic role. J. V. Ahklous 

 and J. Aloy [Comfit. Rend. Soc Biol [Paris], Si [1918), Vo. l',. pp. 783-786).- 

 ThlS is a summary of the results <<( Investigations, some of winch have been 

 previously noted (E, s. it., 38, p. 802), upon an oxldo-hydrogenating diasl 

 to which the name oxhydridase bas been given. This soluble ferment is said 

 to exist in animals and vegetables and also in certain secretions, particularly 

 milk. Its action of oxido-reduction takes place within certain temperature 

 limits, the maximum action being at abOUl 60 C. The tnzym, contrary to true 

 oxidases, acts preferably in the absence of air. and is consequently considered 

 to be a defensive antitoxic agent adapted to the anaerobic life* Within the 

 tissues. 



