1019] VETERINAR* MEDICINE. 585 



phase. The second active phase seem- to be governed by the onsel of puberty, 

 appearing at the age of L2 years In girls and L6 years In hoys. 



The greal loss In Infancy is considered to be due In part to the fad thai 

 infants receive an exceptionally large amount of the Infective agent. The 

 author states tiiat bovine Infection "is s factor which must be considered In 

 accounting for the high mortality of this period, although it should not be 

 appraised as a preponderating Influence." The second active phase is thoughl 

 to lie due to an "autogenous reinfection" from some latenl focus rather than 

 to a fresh Infection from some tuberculous Individual. 



Abortion in cattle: Some of the causes and preventives, G. M. POTTEB ( Inn. 

 R}>t. Conn. /»(/. Agr. t '/'■> {1917), pp. // 55).- This i-. d general discussion. 



Concerning' hemoglobinemia or piroplasmosis of cattle in Sweden, A. M. 

 r.iui.Mw and H.-Waxbebo (Ztschr. Infektionskrank. u. ihm. Haustiere, 18 

 1 1911), p. 358; abs. in Oentbl. Bakt. [etc.], 1. Abt., Be/., 67 [1918), No. 15-16, p. 

 884). — H is pointed out that this disease occurs throughout Sweden, particu- 

 larly in sections of the country where brush is abundant. Transmission takes 

 place through Ixodes riotous, and the mortality averages about 20 per cent. 



A preliminary note on infectious keratitis, J. A. Allen (Jour. Anxer. Vet. 

 Med. Assoc., 54 [1919), No. 4, pp. 807-313, fig. i).— " Previous Investigators 

 have been unable to reproduce infectious bovine keratitis in experimental 

 animals by the instillation of pure eultures of the predominating organism or 

 hy the transference of the exudate. In this Investigation the disease has been 

 successfully transmitted hy passing an infected swab over the conjunctiva of 

 of healthy animals. 



"A diplobacillUS having several of the prominent characteristics of the 

 bacillus of Morax-Axenfeld, which is associated with human conjunctivitis, has 

 been isolated. The disease has not yet heen artificially produced hy the instil- 

 lation of this organism. This may result ffroml several causes, or possihly from 

 the attenuation on artificial media. An abrasion of the eye is not an essential 

 factor in the production of the disease. Flies may play an Important role in 

 the dissemination of the affection." 



Notes and experiments on Sarcocystis tenella, II, J. W. Scott (■four. Para- 

 sitology, 5 (WIS). No. ,.'. pp. 1,5-60).— In this second paper (E. S. It., 34, p. 384) 

 the author deals with seasonal infection, summarizing the data as follows: 



" There is a well-defined seasonal infection of g, tenella in the region of the 

 Laramie Plains, [Wyo.]. It is not known whether this is true or not of other 

 regions. Young stages of this parasite have been found in the muscles of both 

 sheep and lamhs throughout summer and early autumn, but not during the 

 winter and spring. Reinfection occurs in successive seasons, and old sheet 1 are 

 apparently as susceptible to infection as are young lambs. The theory of in- 

 fection in utoro is untenable. Seasonal, self reinfection is Improbable, though 

 not entirely excluded, and the evidence indicates the original de novo of succes- 

 sive infections. 



"If a second host is required, which seems probable, it 1s very likely that 

 this host is an insect, and that the definitive (sexual) stage of the parasite 

 will be found here. If a second host is not necessary, the sexual stage probahly 

 takes place in the Intestine of the sheep, and in some unknown way the life 

 cycle falls under the influence of seasonal control. In old ewes the larger sar- 

 cocysts are not nearly so abundant as the smaller ones. That some of the older 

 sarcocysts do not grow to a large size is probably the most satisfactory ex- 

 planation of this fact." 



A list of ten references to the literature is given. 



