1910] FIELD CROPS. 731 



Crop rotation tests covering a period of 18 years and Including clover, 

 straight wheat ami summer fallow, and continuous wheat without manure and 

 with 10 tons of manure nor acre annually led to the following conclusions: 

 Continuous wheat without manure has shown a marked and regular decline 

 in yield. Applications of 10 tons of manure per acre annually have maintained 

 the yield of wheat grown continuously at practically the same level as that 

 of the well tilled summer fallow plats. In rotations Including clover and 

 eliminating summer fallow the wheat yield was maintained at nearly the same 

 level as that secured on well tilled summer fallow. 



Farl.v Baart spring wheat with a yield of 13.8 bu. per acre was the leading 

 variety grown on the Adams substation. The best spring sown varieties of 

 rye, barley, and oats produced 10.5, 16.2, and 19.5 bu. per acre, respectively. 

 In general, relatively heavy early secdings at a depth sufficient to prevent the 

 drying out of the seed gave the best results with spring wheat. 



Among the forage crops tested, corn produced 7.1 bu. of grain and 1,500 

 lbs. of stover per acre; and broom corn and Russian sunflower each 4,000 lbs. of 

 stover. Field peas are said to be most promising for forage. The yields 

 of seed for the leading varieties ranged from G.G bu. per acre for Canadian to 

 8.9 bu. for Bangalia. Alfalfa and sweet clover offered little encouragement 



On the Waterville substation the best yielding winter wheat was a strain 

 of Turkey Red with 32.5 bu. per acre, and of spring wheat Bluestem (Wash- 

 ington No. 302) with 28.7 bu. 



The leading varieties of field peas ranged from 13 bu. per acre for Grey Winter 

 to 16.9 bu. for Kaiser. 



[Report of work with field crops in Michigan], B. W. Housholder {Michi- 

 gan Sta. Spec. Bui. 90 (1918), pp. 8-13, fuja. 7). — This notes the progress of 

 work on the Upper Peninsula substation for the year ended June 30, 1918, 

 including variety and cultural tests with barley, oats, and root and silage 

 crops. 



Rutabagas grown on rough, new land produced on the average 19.46 tons 

 per acre. Corn yielded 2.21 tons of inferior silage, as compared with 10.28 

 tons per acre of excellent material from oats and peas. 



[Report of field crops work in Minnesota, 1917] (Minnesota Sta. Rpt. 1918, 

 pp. 45-48, 62, 63). — This describes variety, cultural, and breeding tests with 

 cereals, forage crops, and miscellaneous field crops, and work with potatoes 

 for the year ended June 30, 1918, in continuation of similar work previously 

 noted (E. S. R., 39, p. 335). 



In a comparison of primary, secondary, and double oat kernels for seed, 

 data secured over a 4-year period are said to indicate that, "double oats are 

 as valuable for seed purposes as primaries. No difference was found in the 

 value of the seed crop from secondary and primary kernels. Secondary kernel 

 oats averaged 5.9 per cent higher in value than primary kernels." Wild oats 

 possessed a considerably lower percentage of kernels thau cultivated oats. 

 Good seed oats sown at the rate of 64 lbs. per acre gave as satisfactory yields as 

 larger amounts up to 112 lbs. per acre. 



Listed winter wheat produced 3 bu. per acre more than that sown in the 

 usual manner. Winter wheat sown September 1 gave the best results, with 

 that sown September 8 next in order, followed by continually decreasing yields 

 from later seedings up to October 10 with a minimum yield of 25.6 bu. A 

 seeding rate of 90 lbs. per acre gave better yields of winter wheat than any 

 amount from 75 to 105 lbs. 



Marquis wheat, Victory oats introduced from Canada, and Minnesota No. 

 184 barley, respectively, were the highest yielding sorts in variety tests. 



