852 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.40 



nuts on the tree, the contamination originating from the soil after the fruit 

 drops and then developing very rapidly. Sulphur gas seems effective for 

 destroying the fungus. 



The fungus flora of pine seed beds, A. E. Rathbun (Phytopathology, 8 

 (1918), No. 9, pp. 469-483). — In continuation of a study of the fungus flora of 

 the soils of a forest nursery at Brown University (E. S. R., 39, p. 254), the 

 author reports that a dozen or more species of fungi occur in soil at various 

 depths from 1 to 44 in. With the exception of Fusarium, no fungus known to 

 cause damping-off was isolated from the soil of the nursery. Grubs and 

 earthworms were found to be carriers of the spores of the soil fungi. Some of 

 the soil fungi are considered to be possibly facultative anaerobes, but this point 

 is to be further investigated. 



Incubation period of Cronartium ribicola on the white pine, R. E. Stone 

 (Phytopathology, 8 (1918), No. 8, pp. 438-440, fig. l).—ks a result of observa- 

 tions made on the white pine blister rust, the author has reached the conclu- 

 sion that the most common period of incubation is 2 years and 9 or 10 months. 

 with a life cycle of 3 years, and that sometimes the incubation period may bo 

 3 years and 9 or 10 months, with a life cycle of 4 years. 



Additional list of State and national quarantines against the white pine 

 blister rust, R. G. Pierce (Phytopathology, S (1918), No. 9, pp. 4S4-486).— 

 A tabulated statement is given of quarantines in effect, from which it ap- 

 pears that not only is there a general quarantine for the United States Govern- 

 ment but that 15 States have quarantined against the movement of white pine, 

 Ribes, Grossularia, etc. 



[Notes on Hevea canker], P. EL EJBUCHKirrus [Arch, Kuhhrrcult. Nederland. 

 Indie, 2 (1918), No. 7, pp. 433, f&f, 4^6). — Hevea canker may arise from super- 

 ficial wounding of the bark. Tapping cuts and latex channels should be 

 tarred as soon as made, and the treatment should be repeated as often as 

 necessary. It is regarded as desirable to tap on the lower portion of the 

 trunk during the dry season and higher up during the period of heavy rainfall. 



Phytophthora meadii n. sp. on Hevea brasiliensis, W. McRae (Mem. Drpt. 

 Ayr. India. Pot. Scr., 9 (1918), No. 5, pp. 219-273, pis. 3, figs. 3).— The author 

 has studied this fungus in connection with abnormal wilting, leaf fall, fruit 

 rot, and dieback of Hevea in portions of India. 



Though the fungus under natural conditions has been found to attack only 

 H. braxilii nsis. it has been induced by artificial manipulation to Infect Manihot 

 ylir.iorii and Bio imu PBlfilHif. A technical description is noted below. 



The fungus, appearing at comparatively few points just at the close of the 

 dry season, spreads rapidly after the bursting of the monsoon, affecting both 

 fruits and leaves. Sporangia and zoospores are produced in great abundance, 

 rain drops supposedly aiding in their dissemination. Recently, resting conidia 

 have been produced in cultures at Pusa but not at Coimbatore, probably on 

 account of the differences in range of temperature at the two places. The 

 discovery of conidia may cause a change of view as to the relationships of 

 this fungus. 



Preventive measures considered as feasible include removal and destruction 

 of branches and fruits attacked by the disease, diversion of rain water from 

 latex cups, and general sanitation. 



A new species of Phytophthora parasitic on the Para rubber tree. W. Ifc 

 Rae (Jour. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc, 25 (1918), No. 4, p. 760).— This gives a 

 technical description of the fungus P. meadii n. sp., which is said to attack 

 leaves, fruits, and shoots of Hevea bra9tUem*i$ t causing fruit drop, branch 

 dieback, and tapping rot. 



