101!>1 ANIMAL rUoi.I-CTION. 869 



The authors also studied the effect of various foodstuffs In preventing scurvy 

 when added to a scurvy producing ( |j ( .t (cereal! and water or sterilized 

 milk). Tlie beneficial effect derived from the addition of fresh fruits and 



vegetables they ascribed to the presence <>f an SUtls butlc vitamin. Fresh 



animal tissue has this antiscorbutic property to a much smaller extent, and 

 it seems to lie lacking In dried foods. However, they found that dried cereals 

 when allowed to germinate acquire this prop e r ty. 



Infantile scurvy: The antiscorbutic factor of lemon juice in treatment. 

 A. Hakukn. S. S. Zii.va, and (}. P. Stii.i. (Lancef [JkmdOft.] t /.''/.'', /. .W 1. pp. 

 17, 18). — Four case reports are Riven in which the residue from lemon juice 

 after removal of citric and other acids, as previously Doted (fij. S. K.. 40, p. 

 .'{til) was used with marked success in the treatment of infantile scurvy. It 

 was found possible to give this antiscorbutic factor in amounts equivalent to tin- 

 Juice of to 12 lemons daily without any gastrointestinal disturbance. It is 

 pointed out that as these results confirm those previously obtained experi- 

 mentally In animals there can now be little doubt as to the bearing on human 

 scurvy of results obtained in experimental scurvy with monkeys and guinea 

 DigB. 



Monophagism, pellagra, and scurvy, G. Voi.imno {Ann. If/, [h'omr], 2S 

 {1918), Nos. .5, pp. 218-225; 6, pp. 280-200; 7, pp. 3J,6-858; 8, pp. | X 9, pp. 



J t 82-J,97 ; abs. in Jour. Amer. Med. Assoc, 72 {1919), No. 7, p. S86 I . -The author 

 has summarized the results of investigations extending over Beveral years on 

 scurvy, pellagra, and monophagism. A few of the earlier studies of pellagra 

 have been previously noted (E. S. R., 81, p. 8. r >8). 



It is stated that the active immunization of pellagrins has been accompli- 

 by injection of progressively increasing doses of an aqueous extract of maize. 

 An extract of spoiled maize is said to induce a severe and complex reaction in 

 pellagrins, which is thought to indicate that pellagrins are in a state of hyper- 

 sensitization. The sera of pellagrins and of maize-fed guinea pigs contain fer- 

 ments which digest the proteins of maize. 



Pellagra and scurvy are considered on the basis of these iuvesigat ions to bo 

 due to monophagy, or a continued use of a one-sided diet, and the name BMSM) 

 phagism is given to 1 lie pathological conditions thus induced. Ifooophs 

 is thought to differ essentially from starvation and from avitaminosis, in that 

 it is due to the presence In the foods of certain elements which in time develop 

 a toxic sensitizing action. 



Is the amount of calcium usually given in dilution of cow's milk injuri- 

 ous to infants? A. W. BOSWOBTH, II. I. BOWDITCH, and L. A. Cumin | !»icr. 

 Joar. Diseases Children, 16 {1918), No. 4. /'/'■ 865-8*7).- A reply to an arti.de 

 of the same title (B. S. R.. 40, p. 861 I. 



John R. Young, pioneer American physiologist. II. A. Kki.i.y (llni. Jokmt 

 Hopkins Hosp.. 88 | 1918), No. 330. pp. 186-189, pl». 8).— This article, in addition 

 to biographical notes, describes the experimental methods used by Young 

 which led to the discovery in 1808 that the gastric juice ffM an add with sol- 

 Tent antiputrefactive properties. So far as is known it is the tiisi American 

 report of experimental studies of digestion. 



International catalogue of scientific literature. Q.— Physiology. QR — 

 Serum physiology [Internat. Cat. Sri. Lit., tt [1917), pp. VIIl-\ 111+ 



35). — This catalogue continues the references previous!] noted (EL s. i: . 84, 

 p. ur>8). 



ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 



Color inheritance in mammals.— VI-XI. S. Wr.n.nr (SoWr. ll'rr.lity. 8 

 {1917), N08. 11. pp. 521-527; 12, pp. 561-561,; 9 (191*), Vo$. 1, pp. S3 88; 8, pp. 

 123G07 ? — 19 6 



