ENTOMOLOGY. 59 



Four species of gold-bugs or tortoise beetles are common in New Jersey. 

 Hibernating in the adult stage, they ai)pear in the fields in May and feed uikhi 

 the leaves, leaving only the larger veins and leaf stalks. The larvfB, which com- 

 mence to hatch out toward the end of the month, feed on the under surface 

 of the leaves, eating the entire tissue. The second brood appears in the field in 

 early August but is very little noticed. The two-striped sweet potato beetle 

 {Cussida birittafa) is the most abundant and injurious of the 4 species. The 

 golden tortoise beetle (Coptocycla aurichalcea), a species somewhat larger and 

 less common, appears a little earlier in the season. The black-legged tortoise 

 beetle (Cassida nigripes) is larger than either of the two above-mentioned 

 species and much less common. The mottled tortoise beetle (Coptocycla yut- 

 tata) is the least common of all of the species on sweet potato. The measures 

 applied for the flea beetle will answer for the tortoise beetles as well. 



lender some conditions and in some seasons cutworms are the soui'ce of con- 

 siderable in.iur.v in sweet potato fields. Several species are concerned, Eu.ron 

 mcasorki being the most common. 



Conimon insect pests of fruits in Wisconsin, J. G. Moore ( Wisconsin Stn. 

 Bui. 190, pp 3-38, figs. 32). — In this summarized account of the important in- 

 sect pests of fruit in Wisconsin, the author first considers briefly the more im- 

 portant scale insects, namely, the oyster-shell scale, San Jose scale, European 

 fruit scale, and scurfy scale. The insects mentioned as affecting the apple 

 include the codling moth, tent caterpillar, fall webworm, caukerworms, apple- 

 leaf roller (ArcJtips argyrospiJa), apple-leaf folder (Peronca miimta), leaf 

 crumpler, apple aphis, woolly aphis, apple curculio, and gall mites. The plum 

 curculio and plum gouger are mentioned as affecting the plum, and the cherry 

 fruit maggot and the pear slug as affecting the cherry. Of the insects affect- 

 ing small fruits, mention is made of the currant aphis, currant saw-fly (Nematus 

 ribesil), strawberry leaf rollei% strawberry root louse (A. forhesi), and white 

 grub. 



A discussion of insecticides and spraying apparatus follows. 



Control of the brown-rot and plum curculio on peaches, W. M. Scott and 

 A. L. QuAiNTANCE ill. S. Dcpt. Ayr., Bur. Eiit. Circ. 120, pp. 7). — Attention is 

 called to the fact that since the plum curculio by its punctures opens the way 

 for brown-rot infection of peaches, plums, etc., its control is of double im- 

 portance. Experiments conducted during 1909 have shown that arsenate of 

 lead can be used with self-boiled lime-sulphur mixture for spraying peaches 

 and is entirely successful in controlling the scab, brown-rot, and curculio. 



The results of spraying at Fort Valley, Ga., in 1909, briefly reported, show 

 that 95.5 per cent of the fruit from a sprayed block was free from brown-rot. 

 93.5 per cent free from scab, and 72.5 per cent free from the curculio. against 

 37 per cent free from brown-rot, 1 per cent free from scab, and 2i per cent free 

 from curculio injury on an unspi-ayed block. For the Elberta, Bell, Reeves, 

 and other varieties of peaches of about the same ripening season, it is advised 

 that the first application be made about the time the calyces are shedding 

 from the young fruit with arsenate of lead at the rate of 2 lbs. to 50 gal. of 

 S : 8 : .50 self-boiled lime-sulphur mixture; the second application from 2 weeks to 

 about 1 month after the falling of the petals with the same materials, and the 

 third apiilication about 1 month before the fruit ripens with the self-boiled lime- 

 sulphur mixture alone. 



Results of spraying' experiments, 1909, R. B. Howe {Illinois Sta. Circ. 137, 

 pp. 39, figs. 11). — Tests of arsenate of lead showed a solution of 2 lbs. to .50 

 gal. of water to be as effective a spray as 3 lbs., especially when ai)plied alone. 

 This insecticide also gave better results than Paris green whether used alone, 



