ENTOMOLOGY. 53 



Injurious insects and other animals observed in Ireland during the year 

 1908. (J. II. ('AUrKNTER ilJciin. I'toc. Roy. Diililiii Soc. I {I'JO'J). Xo. 1(1. pjt. .IS!)- 

 61 L /j/s. •>, figs. S). — Insects of economic importance durinj; the year 1908 are 

 reported under the headings corn and grass insects, cabbage and turnip insects, 

 potato pests, mangel insects, orchard insects and mites, garden pests and forest 

 insects. 



[Reports upon insect injury to cultivated plants in Germany during 

 1908], (J. lAisTNKR, MoLZ, and J. Dewitz {Ber. E. Lehranst. Wein, Ub>it u. 

 Cartvnhaii aciscuhcim, 1908, pp. 82-93, 102-110, 112-129).— Brief reports are 

 here presented of injury by a number of insects. 



G. Liistner reports the abnormal occurrence of the woolly apple aphis (pp. 

 82-85), observations upon Chehnutohia hrumata (pp. 85-87), the biology of 

 Rhynchites bctuhti (pp. 87, 88), the occurrence of the bud mite {Eriophycs 

 ribis) of the black currant (pp. 88-90), the carnation fly {Anthomyia antiqua) 

 (pp. t)0. 91). a new mite disease of Viola cornuta (pp. 91, 92), and the nematode 

 Aphclcnclnis olcsiiitus and the injury which it causes to chrysanthemums (pp. 

 92, 93). Remedial experiments conducted against Cochylis ambiguella (pp. 

 102-108) and Diplosis pirlrora (pp. 108-110) are also reported by the same 

 author. J. Dewitz reports experiments with various insecticides used during 

 PJ07_,S ill combating C. ainhitjitclla and Eitdcinis botrana (pp. 112-129). 



[Reports of the imperial entomologists for the years 1907—1909], II. M. 

 Lefkoy aud F. M. IIowlett (A*;*^ Ayr. Ncscarcli lust, uiid Vol., Pui^u [Indki], 

 1907-1909, pp. Ji7-62). — Brief reports of work by the imperial entomologist (pp. 

 47-56) and the second imperial entomologist (pp. 57-62) of India are presented. 

 Report of the entomologist [of Uganda], C. C. Gowdey {Colon. Rpts., Misc. 

 [Gt. Brit.], Xo. 6-'i, pp. 20-2.'i). — This is a brief report of the work accomplished 

 since it was taken up on February 22, 1909. 



It is said that but few insects have been recorded from this region. The 

 ordinance requiring fumigation of imported plants enacted in 1908 is considered 

 to afford sufficient protection under the present conditions. Two species of 

 leaf-eating caterpillars (Prodenia Uttoralis aud Protoparce carolirm) and cut- 

 worms are mentioned as important tobacco pests. The most important coccids 

 attacking citrus trees are the long or Glover's scale, the purple scale 

 (J/, citricola), and the pitted scale. The rice hispa is said to occur in the 

 Protectorate. The mole cricket {Qryllotalpa afiHcana) and a ground cricket 

 {Brachytryprs achatiiius) are also mentioned as rice pests. 



A fruit fly (Trypeta sp.) has recently been found to attack the pod of the 

 cacao. The eggs are laid under the peel of the pods in a puncture made by 

 the short ovipositor. The young larvae hatch from the eggs in from 12 to 15 

 days and immediately begin tunneling into the pod and feed upon the pulp 

 surrounding the seeds, thereby preventing the normal development of the seeds. 

 Full growth is attained in from 45 to 50 days, aud the puparial stage lasts for 

 from 15 to 17 days, so that the life cycle requires from 72 to 87 days for 

 completion. It is recommended that all pods harboring the maggots be picked 

 and destroyed either by incineration or burial to a depth of 2 feet or more. 



Uganda insect pests (Ayr. Netcs [Barbados], 9 (1910), No. 203, p. 4^).— 

 This is a review of a pamphlet by C. C. Gowdey on the insects of Uganda. 



The fungus-raising termites, K. Escherich (Biol. Centbl., 29 (1909), No. 1, 

 pp. 16-21; abs. in .Jour. Roy. Micros. Soc. [London], 1910, No. 1, p. 79).— A 

 study of the fungus gaixlens of termites, which are said to be of various sizes. 



The ]arv:e are kept near the fungus and live on it. Vyiow the outside of the 

 nests very frequently an agaric (Volraria rurhiza) is found, especially after 

 rain. If a portion of a nest is kept under a bell jar, the stoiiiata of a Xylaria 



