FIELD CROPS. 135 



Data with regard to the mechanical cultivation of chernozem soils ob- 

 tained at the Shatilov Agricultural Experiment Station in 1904—5, A. N. 

 MisERViCH (Kliozyaistro, 1!)09, No. S-O ; abs. in Zliur. Opiiitn. Ayron. (Russ, 

 Jour. Expt. Landw.), 10 {1909), No. 4, pp. 5 3 8-5 J, 0).— The soil at the station 

 is typical steppe cheniozeui. clayey, 3i ft. in thiclxness, and with 10 per cent of 

 humus. Soil of adjacent fields as well as at the station was studied, and early 

 deep plowing? compared with ordinary plowing in a fallow-rye-oats rotation 

 without application of fertilizer. Early deep plowing gave more than double the 

 yield produced by shallow late plowing. Mauuring and shallow plowing also 

 gave poorer crops than deep plowing without manure. 



Beport of Bogoroditsk Experiment Field (Government Kursk) for 1907, 

 I. A. PuLMAN {Otchet Boghorodtzk. Opuitn. Polya I. A. PuJman, 1907; abs. in 

 Zhur. Opuitn. Agron. {Runs. Jour. Expt. Landw.), 10 {1909), No. 4, pp. $31, 

 538). — Late fallow produced the minimum yield of rye, 114 poods per dessyatina 

 (about 1,523 lbs. per acre), while early green fallow fertilized yielded 181 poods. 

 Middle fallow fertilized gave the highest yield of oats, 134 poods, and also of 

 wheat, 105 poods. 



Beport of Omsk Experiment Field for 1905—6, L. A. Sladkov {Otchet Omsk. 

 Opuitn. PoUju, 1905-6; abs. in ZItur. Opuitn. Agron. {Russ. Jour. Expt. Landtc), 

 10 {1909), No. Jf, pp. 5-fft, 542). — On sandy chernozem in a 3 years' test an aver- 

 age increase in yield of rye of 22 poods per dessyatina (293.9 lbs. per acre), 

 or about 25 per cent, followed the use of fertilizer. During the same period, 

 similar treatment appeared to decrease the yield of oats by 11.1 poods per 

 dessyatina. Spring and fall plowing of oats after rye in a 3-course rotation 

 resulted in yields of from 208 to 172 poods per dessyatina, respectively. 



Beport of Omsk Experiment Field for 1907, L. A. Sladkov {Otchet Omsk. 

 Opuitn. Polyu, 1901 ; abs. in Zhur, Opuitn. Agron. {Russ. Jour. Expt. Landic), 

 10 {1909), No. 4, pp. 5Jf2-5pf). — The experiments noted above were continued 

 in 1907. Manure appeared to increase the yield of both winter and summer 

 cereals and spring plowing proved more advantageous than fall plowing for 

 summer cereals. 



[Besults with cereals at the Experiment Field of Ploti for 1908], A. Ka- 

 RADEMOv {(IhodJchnuil Otchet PJotij. Sclsk. Khoz. Opuitn. Stantzil. 1', {1908), 

 pp. 52-16). — Meteoi'ological data given indicate 23 more rainy days in 1908 than 

 in the normal year. General conditions favored wheat production. 



The yield of winter wheat on April fallow excelled that on later fallow by 

 432 kg. per hectare (about 384 lbs. per acre). An application of phosphates 

 showed an increased yield of 1,146.3 kg. per hectare of winter wheat and a 

 residual effect resulting in an increased yield of 677 kg, of corn per hectare, 

 followed by an increased yield of 324 kg. of summer wheat per hectare. With 

 the same phosphates applied in sufficient quantity to supply 29 kg. of phosphoric 

 acid per hectare, there was an increased yield of 518.4 kg. of winter wheat per 

 hectare, and of the summer wheat following, of 166.4 kg. per hectare. 



Winter wheat and rye, when grown in a 9-year rotation, increased in yield 

 with the use of 3 leguminous crops, there being an increase of 540 kg. per 

 hectare with sainfoin and a less marked increase with alfalfa. In the same 

 rotation without legumes, they showed no increase in yield. Early green fallow 

 proved more advantageous than late fallow. Field tests verified the results 

 ("btained on the plats and indicated the superiority of a 9-year as compared 

 with a 4-year rotation. 



Banatka winter wheat on black and April fallows produced net profits of 400 

 to 480 francs per hectare, respectively. An application of fertilizer resulted in 

 a yield of 3,262.8 kg. per hectare. Oulka summer wheat gave an average profit 

 on 8.8 hectares or 266 francs per hectare, while winter wheat preceding, far- 



