136 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



tilized at the time of seeding, produced a net profit of 369 francs. A net profit 

 of 277 francs per hectare was obtained from 9.3 hectares of corn, and wheat 

 and oats produced net profits of 125 francs per hectare. 



Cultivation of cereals on the Kherson Experiment Field iKhutoryanin, 

 1908, Xo. 8-'J; abs. in Zhur. Oijuitii. Agron. (Ru-ss. Jour. Expt. Landw.), 10 

 {1909), No. J/, pp. 578-580). — Fifteen years data indicate that the influence of 

 fallow is exhausted on the winter crop, and that the occupied fallow is the 

 more profitable. 



The influence of manure and of the method and rate of sowing on the 

 yield of cereals at the Kherson Experiment Field ( Kliiitonjanhi, 1909, No. 12; 

 abs. in Zhur. Opuitn. Apron. (Russ. Jour. Expt. Landw.), 10 (1909), No, //, pp. 

 561, 562). — Fourteen years data indicate a negative effect of manure on winter 

 rye and wheat. 



The influence of different methods of cultivation on yield, I. D. Kolesnikov 

 (Otchet Opuitn. Pohju. Donsk. Obshch. Sclsk. Khoz., 1907; abs. in Zhur. Opuitn. 

 Agron. {Russ. Jour. Expt. Landw.), 10 {1909), No. J,, pp. 533-537).— This 

 article reports experiments on depth of plowing, method and time of sowing 

 wheat, rye, barley, oats, and flax, and fallow culture. 



The kinds of fallow tested with wheat and rye were (1) black fallow turned 

 7 in. deep in the fall, harrowed in the spring, and plowed again before sowing 

 or about June 1, (2) early green fallow turned at the end of April, (3) middle 

 green fallow plowed during the latter half of May, and (4) late green fallow 

 plowed about June 1. All the green fallows were again plowed early in July, 

 and the third time just before sowing. On the early green fallow, 176.1 poods 

 of rye and 102.5 poods of wheat per dessyatina (2,352.8 lbs. and 1,369.4 lbs. per 

 acre) were obtained, while on late green fallow the yields were 131 poods of rye 

 and 77.9 poods of wheat. Black fallow excelled late green fallow. 



Cultivation of root crops, 2s'. Mirusyev (Nuzlidui Derciml, 1908, Nos. 3, 18, 

 23; abs. in Zhur. Opuitn. Agron. {Russ. Jour. Expt. Landw.), 10 {1909), No. Jf, 

 pp. 556, 557). — The cultivation of beets, carrots, turnips, and parsnips in the 

 Vladimir government is outlined. The average yield of beets is from 1,200 to 

 1,500 poods per dessyatina (16.032 to 20,040 lbs. per acre). 



A protected stock rang'e in Arizona, D. Griffiths {U. 8. Dept. Agr.. Bur. 

 Plant Indus. Bui. 177, pp. 28, pis. 6, fig. 1). — This is a progress report of in- 

 vestigations in cooperation with the Arizona Exijeriment Station in 1903, and 

 of later cooperative work with neighboring ranches. Earlier results have been 

 previously noted (E. S. R., 16, p. 863). 



A brief history of the area since 1903 is followed by a comparison of con- 

 ditions within and without the fencefl area. This season is seldom so dry that 

 Boutcloua aristidoidcs will not in'oduce seed. In an average season the annual 

 plants of the desert produce enough seed to restock the land as heavily as the 

 soils will stand. About 200 species of forage plants, mainly of foreign im- 

 portation, have been planted in the inclosure, but the net economic result of 

 foreign introduction has been practically nil, alfilerilla {Eurodium cicutarium) 

 being the only introduced plant which has succeeded even in the most favored 

 situations. Alfilerilla, wild oats {Arena fatua and A. barbata), bur clover 

 (Mcdicago dcnticulata), tucolote {Bronius maxim us), Andropogon saccharoides, 

 Boutcloua rcstita, B. rothrockii, B. curtipcndula, B. oligostachya, and Lcp- 

 tochloa dubia were the principal species experimented with, and where possible 

 one-half the seed was sown in the fall and one-half in the early summer. 



Striking changes in the prevalence of annual plants and different seedlings 

 are discussed in cases of Machalranthera sp., B. aristidoidcs, Aristida bromoides, 

 Plantago fastigiata, Lupinus arizonicus, Orthocarpus purpurascens palmerl, 

 Lotus humistratus, and Pectocarya linearis,' The substitution of inferior an- 



