162 EXPEKIMENT STATION EECORD. 



No. 6, pp. 119-132, figs. 5; 11 (1910), No. 1, pp. .9-28).— In this, the first of a 

 series of 3 papers, the authors consider the reconstruction of the chalcitloid 

 genus Nasouia of the family Pterorualidie. Nnsoiiia brevicornis, the type species 

 of the genus from Illinois, is described and its biology considered at some 

 length. 



" The genus attacks gregariously or ' socially ' the puparia of 3 or 4 genera 

 of the higher Diptera — Chrysomyia (maceUaria) , Lucilia, Musca (domcsticu) 

 Sarcophaga. and Phorniia (ref/ina) ; also it may be found to attack Calliphora. 

 ... In nature, the genus attacks mostly Chrysomyia (macclhtria) and Phormia 

 (reffina), so far as is known. In confinement, it readily attacked the puparia 

 of Cyno)tiyia cadavcriiia, in addition to the others. Though gregarious, it is 

 an external parasite, the larvje not penetrating the host's body." 



N. brevicornis was abundant in the insectary at Urbana, where fly-breeding 

 cages were located, during the summer and early fall of 1908. Both sexes crawl 

 very fast and the female is able to fly, though crawling seems to be the favorite 

 means of locomotion. The males do not fly and their wings are apparently non- 

 functional. 



" Examinations made of parasitized hosts, showed that in all cases, the 

 parasite is ' social ' or gregarious and does not attack the host until after the 

 formation of the puparium, preferably after the latter has been formed for at 

 least 24 hours. Puparia of Phormia regina examined, were in some cases filled 

 entirely with the larvae of the parasite which had totally consumed the host 

 pupa ; for example, from one puparium 47 larvas of the parasite were removed. 

 ... In 119 puparia there were 1.496 individuals of Nasonia br-evicornis, of 

 which 710 were males and 786 females. The average number of males in each 

 puparium was 5.96, of females 6.60." In one instance, the female was able 

 to parasitize successfully 22 host puparia and another 17 puparia, when quite 

 a number were available. The parasite is said to hibernate as a full-grown 

 larva in the puparia of its various hosts, pupating in the spring and emerging 

 shortly afterwards. 



Technical results from, the gipsy moth parasite laboratory. — II. Descrip- 

 tions of certain chalcidoid parasites, J. ('. Ckawford ( U. S. Dcpt. Agr., Bur. 

 Ent. Bid. 19. pt. 2. tech. ser., pp. T.3-2J,, figs. 16). — The new species here de- 

 scribed were bred from material collected in Japan and Europe for the pur- 

 pose of rearing parasites of the gipsy and brown-tail moths. 



A table is first given of the species belonging to the genus Chalcis known to 

 occur in the Fnited States, including those introduced purposely, of which two, 

 C. flskei a parasite of Tachinidse and C. purnplesia parasitic in the pup;ie of 

 Sarcophagidse, both from Japan, are described as new to science. Hypoptero- 

 malm apuntelophagus and H. pcecilopus, both accideutly included in shipments 

 of parasitic material, the former reared from Qlypt a panicles japonicus from 

 Japan, and the latter from a species of Glyptapanteles from Europe, and 

 Pleurot ropis orientalis, P. hoiranJi, Pcrilampus inimiciis. and Diiiunockia 

 secundus, all reared from G. japonicus, from Japan, are also described as new. 



The ticks (An. Soc. Rurai Argentina. .'/S ( 190!)), No. .30. pp. .'i2-'i'>- fiOs- 2). — 

 Descriptions and illustrations of 8 of the more common species are given. 



Experiments upon the transmission of S^irochaeta gallinarum and S. 

 obermeieri, C. Sciiellack {Arb. K. GsndJttsamt., 30 {1909). No. 2, pp. 351- 

 362). — The details of experiments conducted are here reported. 



It was found that Argas refl,exits and Ornithodoros mouhata, as well as A. 

 persicus and A. miniatus, may transmit N. gaUinarum. The Brazilian virus 

 was transmitted in a greater percentage of cases by A. miniatus than by the 

 other 3 species. The incubation period for spirochetes transmitted I)y .1. 

 miniatus is constant (from 6 to 7 days), but this is not the case with .1. re- 



